PAPERmaking! g FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 1, Number 1, 2015
permeability of membrane, and finally cause the cell death (Tahan et al . 2006; Fengetal 2000; Stoimenovetal 2002).
Figure 9. Optical microscope image (magnification 4x) of treated paper with Nanosilver and control that tested with bacteria (a: control sample for Staphylococcus aerus growth; b: treated sample for Staphylococcus aerus growth; c: control sample for Escherichia coli growth; d: treated sample for Escherichia coli growth CONCLUSIONS At present, much attention is being given to the addition of nanoparticles to achieve essential interactions during the formation process of paper. Although usage of nanoparticles can provide a lot of advantages, it is very important to determine how best to use such products and how much of the nanoparticle is appropriate for the system. In fact, due to the change in pulp composition and even in the nanoparticles themselves (in terms of size and type), there are different interactions and changes in wet end chemistry. For this reason in spite of positive effect of nano-particles, there is still a need for plenty of research in order to achieve better and different utilisation of this system. The present research was done to investigate the effect of poly-acrylamide and Nanosilver on physical and mechanical properties of paper pulp. Five levels of cationic poly-acryl- amide (0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1%) were applied. Results showed that the best retention of Nanosilver as well as paper properties were obtained in at the 0.3% level of CPAM consumption. Preservative properties of Nanosilver in recent decade have attracted much attention. In this research, Nanosilver used in paper pulp as an additive led to decreasing physical and mechanical properties of Banknote paper, but in terms of biological resistance to bacteria, it was very effective. Anti-bacterial properties of paper were increased by applying of 1% Nanosilver. By adding of low levels of Nanosilver in pulp suspension and then applying supplemental refining of the fibre furnish, both anti-bacterial and mechanical properties of Banknote paper likely will be increased.
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Article 3 – Hygiene (nanosilver)
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