bioresources. com
PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE
in bulk to some extent. This may be the reason that paper strength and bulk both increased within a certain ratio range.
Fig. 8. Scheme of the interaction mechanism between composites and fibers
CONCLUSIONS 1. Composites were formed by the co-flocculation method. The ratio of fines to FACS has an influence on the composite structure. The composites formed at the ratio of 0.3 exhibited larger particle size and looser structure compared with other composites. 2. The co-flocculation of fines and FACS prior to pulping can improve paper strength without a loss in bulk within a certain ratio range. When the ratio is below 0.3, paper bulk and strength can be improved. This demonstrates the potential for the production of high-bulk and high-strength paper. 3. Possible mechanisms of interaction between filler and fines were proposed to explain the improvements in paper bulk and strength. Fines improved the inter-fiber bonding ability, and composites with large size and loose structure were responsible for improvements in paper bulk. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We acknowledge financial support from the State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering (201506), Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology (BJ15-12), National Science Foundation of China (Grant No.31170560) and Graduate Innovation Fund of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology. REFERENCES CITED Biggs, S., Habgood, M., Jameson, G. J., and Yan, Y. (2000). “Aggregate structures formed via a bridging flocculation mechanism,” Chem. Eng. J. 80(1), 13-22. DOI: 10.1016/S1383-5866(00)00072-1 Blanco, A., Fuente, E., Negro, C., and Tijero, J. (2002). “Flocculation monitoring: Focused beam reflectance measurement as a measurement tool, ” Can. J. Chem. Eng 80(4), 1-7. DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450800403
7413
Zhang et al . (2016 ). “ Coflocculated fines & CaSiO 4 ,” B io R esources 11(3), 7406-7415.
Made with FlippingBook Annual report maker