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wt% (based on the dry weight of FACS) CPAM solution was added. The resulting mixture was stirred for another 5 min at 300 rpm to form a stable composites slurry. The structure of the composites was observed with the light microscope. Table 1. Amounts of FACS and Fines ID FACS (g) Fines (g) Ratio of fines to FACS 1 5 0.00 0 2 5 0.75 0.15 3 5 1.50 0.3 4 5 2.25 0.45 5 5 3.00 0.5 6 5 3.75 0.75 Handsheet preparation and testing The pulp slurry was disintegrated to a 1.2% consistency and then diluted to a concentration of 0.3%. The prepared filler-fines composite slurry was subsequently added to the pulp to make the filler content to be 17 wt%. Sheets with a target basis weight of 70 g/m 2 were made with a laboratory sheet former. The wet sheets were pressed in accordance with TAPPI T205 sp-95 (1995) and then air-dried for 24 h at 25 °C at 50% relative humidity before testing. Paper bulk, tensile, and tear index were measured according to TAPPI T220 sp-01(2001). The filler content was measured following TAPPI T211 om-93(1993). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Characterization of FACS and Fines The morphology and properties of the FACS are shown in Fig. 1 and Table 2, respectively.
Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of FACS
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Zhang et al . (2016 ). “ Coflocculated fines & CaSiO 4 ,” B io R esources 11(3), 7406-7415.
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