Citation: 2Q\DQJR-&LDUDQ5 ,PSDFWRI8VHU%HKDYLRULQ2I¿FH%XLOGLQJRQ(QHUJ\5HGXFWLRQ6WUDWHJLHV,QQRYDWLYH(QHUJ\3ROLFLHV doi:10.4172/2090-5009.1000112
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Conclusion The work examined the use of sub metering technology with aims of reducing energy use in the building and whether its use affected user behavior. It revealed firstly, that most users who spent most of their working day in the building were not familiar with the workings and benefits of the EMS technology. However, most revealing was the fact that the users of the energy in the building were not provided with feedback and when provided it was not in a user friendly and understandable manner that would affect their working practices or behavior. There was no attempt by the management to communicate and support or reinforce what would have emerged as best practices working behavior that reduced energy consumption, in addition, the employees lacked the motivation to change their behavior to be more energy efficient. The analysis further revealed that there was underlying lack of involvement of the employees in the decisions about the investment in energy efficient technologies, and the importance of changes to their working practices. The decision by the institution to invest in an “energy efficient” building seems to have stemmed from responses to future changes that were coming to the building regulations and also in attempt to shore “corporate responsibility.” If there were any reduction in energy consumptions and CO 2 emissions, it is difficult to attribute them to occupants actually reducing their demands and expectations (particularly in relation to so-called ‘efficiency gains’) as pointed out by Stevenson and Leaman [11]. References 1. Strachan N, Foxon T, Fujina J (2008) ‘Modeling Long Term Scenarios for Low- Carbon Societies’, Special Issue of Climate Policy. 2. DTI, UK (2003) Energy white paper: Our energy future-creating a low carbon HFRQRP\/RQGRQ 7KH6WDWLRQDU\2I¿FH 762 3. &OLPDWH &KDQJH $FW /RQGRQ 7KH 6WDWLRQDU\ 2I¿FH /LPLWHG +HU 0DMHVW\¶V6WDWLRQDU\2I¿FH8. 4. Department Of Energy And Climate Change, DECC (2011) Greenhouse Gas Inventories for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland: 1990-2009, London: Department of Energy and Climate Change 5. United Kingdom Green Building Council, UKGBC (2011) Carbon Reductions in Existing Non-Domestic Buildings-March 2011, London: United Kingdom Green Building Council
6. Carbon Trust (2009) Building the future, today-Transforming the economic and carbon performance of the buildings we work in, London: The Carbon Trust 7. Bill Bordass, William Bordass Associates Robert Cohen, Energy for Sustainable Development Ltd, John Field, Target Energy Services Ltd (2004) Energy performance in non-domestic buildings: closing the credibility gap. Paper presented at the Building Performance Congress 2004, Frankfurt, Germany. 8. 6WHHPHUV .HRQ 0DQFKDQGD 6KZHWD µ(QHUJ\ HI¿FLHQW GHVLJQ DQG occupant well-being: Case studies in the UK and India’, Building and Environment, 45: 270-278. 9. Norford Leslie Keith, Socolow Robert, Hsieh E, Spadaro Joseph (1994) Two- to-one discrepancy between measured and predicted performance in a ‘low HQHUJ\¶ RI¿FH EXLOGLQJ LQVLJKWV IURP D UHFRQFLOLDWLRQ EDVHG RQ WKH '2( model, Energy and Buildings, 21: 121-131. 10.Darby, Sarah (2006) The Effectiveness of Feedback on Energy Consumption: A Review for Defra of the Literature on Metering, Billing and Direct Displays. Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford. 11.Stevenson Fionn, Leaman Adrian (2010) Special Issue: Housing occupancy feedback: linking performance with behavior, Building Research and Information, 38: 5. 12.Isaacs Nigel, Saville-Smith Kay, Camilleri Michael, Burrough Lisa (2010) Energy in New Zealand House: Comfort, physics and consumption, Building Research & Information, 38: 470-480. 13.Ajzen Icek (1985) From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In Kuhi, Julias & Beckmann, Jurgen (Edn.), Action. Control: From cognition to behavior, Heidelberg: Springer. 14.Gram-Hanssen, Kirsten (2010) Introducing and Developing Practice Theory: Towards a Better Understanding of Household Energy Consumption, Proceedings of Linköping Electronic Conference, and Linköping, Sweden: Linkoping University Press, 45-58. 15. 7HFKQRORJ\6WUDWHJ\%RDUG 8VHUFHQWUHGGHVLJQIRUHQHUJ\HI¿FLHQF\ in buildings, Swindon, UK: Technology Strategy Board. 16. Modern Built Environment Knowledge Transfer Network, MBEKTN (2010) User Behavior in Non-domestic Buildings, Oxford, UK: University of Oxford. 17.Royal Institute Of Chartered Surveyor’s, RICS (2010), Scheme Report-McClay Library, London: Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyor’s, Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. 18.Ryan Ciaran (2011) ‘An investigation into methods to facilitate more effective use of sub metering data and technology in non-domestic buildings’, Unpublished MSc thesis, Queens University Belfast.
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Citation: 2Q\DQJR-&LDUDQ5 ,PSDFWRI8VHU%HKDYLRULQ2I¿FH Building on Energy Reduction Strategies. Innovative Energy Policies 4: 112. doi:10.4172/2090-5009.1000112
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