PAPERmaking! FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 2, Number 2, 2016
Porous structure of fibre networks formed by a foaming process: a comparative study of different characterization techniques, Al-Qararah AM, Ekman A, Hjelt T, Kiiskinen H, Timonen J, Ketoja JA., Journal of Microscopy , Vol.264, No.1. Recent developments in making fibre materials using the foam-forming technology have raised a need to characterise the porous structure at low material density. In order to find an effective choice among all structure-characterisation methods, both two-dimensional and three-dimensional techniques were used to explore the porous structure of foam-formed samples made with two different types of cellulose fibre. New correction terms concerning three-point and four-point bending tests, Faustino Mujika, Ainhoa Arrese, Itziar Adarraga, Usue Oses, Polymer Testing , Vol.55. The present study deals with the effect of the variation of the contact point between the support and load application rollers in three-point and four-point bending tests and the possible influence of horizontal reactions, under the assumption of small bending angles. WASTE & ENVIRONMENT Bioremediation of Oriented Strand Board (OSB) Process Wastewater, L. Brad Stombock, Dragica Jeremic-Nikolic, Brian Baldwin, Hamid Borazjani, Susan V. Diehl, BioResources , Vol.11, No.4. This study investigated the use of bioreactors and constructed wetlands to remediate oriented strand board (OSB) process wastewater. This research suggests that an OSB facility may want to have an aerated pond that then feeds a constructed wetland. This could not only provide a means to treat and dispose of the wastewater in an environmentally favourable manner, but also provides the secondary benefits of a wetland and its associated land enrichment. Water Recovery in the Paper Industry, Membranes for, Ángeles Blanco, M. Concepción Monte, Encyclopedia of Membranes , pp.1996-1999. There exists a worldwide trend in paper industries to reduce freshwater consumption for environmental and economic reasons (water stress, freshwater savings, and reduction of effluent treatment and disposal costs). As the mills increase the closure of their water systems, a considerable accumulation of contaminants exists; this is worse in recycling paper mills. Accumulation of contaminants can affect both product quality and efficiency of the papermaking operations. Therefore, an adequate internal purification of the process waters is necessary to reduce the organic and inorganic load of the water before its recirculation. Water Recovery in Paper Industry by Membrane Operations, Mari Kallioinen, Encyclopedia of Membranes , pp.1995-1996. Papermaking processes high volumes of water. In efforts to decrease the water consumption of paper mills, the greatest benefits can be achieved by treating and recycling the effluent streams with greatest volumes. For instance, ultrafiltration of paper machine white water, which can constitute more than half of the total effluent load of a paper mill, enables significant reduction in freshwater use. Ultrafiltration removes from the clear filtrate suspended solids and microorganisms and reduces the amount of organic dissolved compounds (lignin, hemicellulose, etc.).
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Technical Abstracts
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