PAPERmaking! g FROM THE PUBLISHERS OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY Volume 2, Number 1, 2016
Surface structures Figure 8 is the electron micrographs of paper coated with clay-based pigment (a) and clay/rutile nano TiO 2 (b) (at 50% addition level). Figure 8 shows that the coating layer follows the tangent of the underlying fibres giving an open and rough surface. Some recesses and valleys are appeared. Upon addition of nano TiO 2 , smooth and homogeneous coated paper surfaces have been obtained, this can explain the lower roughness of this coated paper sample. Conclusions Pure crystallographic anatase and rutile TiO 2 phase samples have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal at 120°C and hydrolysis methods, respectively. The application of the prepared nanopigments in paper coating reveals that a small amount of TiO 2 is sufficient to achieve significant gains in brightness and opacity, because of the high light scatter ability of the pigment and the refractive index contrast with the other materials in coated paper composite. Also imparting nano TiO 2 pigment into coating formula significantly decreases the surface roughness. The optimal proportion to enhance the porosity of the paper is 70:30% nano TiO 2 pigment to clay additions. References x Bok Y, Sig M, Duck E, Gyu H, Young W, Hee S, Lee G, Park S, Hong S (2007) Hydrothermal synthesis of titanium dioxides from peroxotitanate solution using different amine group-containing organics and their photocatalytic activity. Catal Today 124:88 – 93 x Camilla R, Eriksson U, Rigdah M (1994) Consolidation behavior and gloss of paper coatings based on plastic pigments. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 9:254 x Dahlvik P, Lohmander S, Lason L, Rigdahl M (2000) Relations between the rheological properties of coating colour and their performance in pilot-scale coating. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 15:106 x Deorsola FA, Vallauri D (2008) Synthesis of TiO 2 nanoparticles through Gel Combustion process. J Mater Sci 43:3274 – 3278 x Fumin W, Zhansheng S, Feng G, Motonarib A (2007) Morphology control of anatase TiO 2 by surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method. China J Chem Eng 15:754 – 759 x Gullichsen J, Paulapuro H, Lehtinen E (2000) Papermaking science and technology. Fapet/Tappi Series, part 11 x Inagaki M, Nakazawa Y, Hirano M, Kobayashi Y, Toyoda M (2001) Preparation of stable anatase-type TiO 2 and its photocatalytic performance. Inter J Inorg Mater 3:809 – 811 x Jiaguo Y, Jimmy Y, Bei C, Xiujian Z (2003) Preparation and characterization of highly photoactive nanocrystalline TiO 2 powders by solvent evaporation induced crystallization method. Sci in China 46(6) series B x John MC (2006) Chemistry of TiO 2 nanoparticles. Puplished PhD thesis, Proquest x Jun W, Gang Z, Zhaohong Z, Xiangdong Z, Guan Z, Teng M, Yuefeng J, Peng Z, Ying L (2007) Relations between the rheological properties of coating colour and their performance in pilot-scale coating. Dyes Pigm 75:335 – 343 x Kobayashi M, Tomita K, Petrykin V, Yoshimura M, Kakihana M (2008) Direct synthesis of brookite-type titanium oxide by hydrothermal method using water- soluble titanium complexes. J Mater Sci 43:2158 – 2162 x Kumar S, Sahoo T, Mohapatra M, Anand S, Yu Y (2009) Polyolassisted synthesis of TiO 2 nano particles in a semi-aqueous solvent. J Phys Chem Solids 70:147 – 152
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Article 3 – Titanium Coating Pigments
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