A FUNCTIONAL VISION PROBLEM
The Culprit for an ADHD Misdiagnosis?
decides whether or not their child should be on ADHD medication, they should consider a thorough examination to ensure a correct diagnosis. This will help their child receive the best treatments for their unique needs.
About 11% of children living in the U.S. are diagnosed with ADHD, which equates to well over 6 million children. Many are diagnosed correctly, but many are being misdiagnosed. Often, people don’t realize that a child with vision problems has the same symptoms as a child with ADHD.
FUNCTIONAL VISION PROBLEMS Functional vision refers to a person’s visual system, which includes not just the eyes but also the brain and visual pathways. These three functions work together to help a person see and comprehend the world around them. Three skill areas that develop in functional vision are eye teaming, eye focusing, and eye movement. When one of these skills is underdeveloped or not functioning properly, it can cause visual discomfort, focusing problems, and difficulty fixing on an object. FUNCTIONAL VISION AND LEARNING The differences between a child with ADHD and a child with a function vision problem are hard to distinguish due TAKE A BREAK
to their similarities. A child who has function vision problems will have a hard time paying attention both in and out of school. At home, they have trouble completing their school work, often spending hours trying to get through it or giving up entirely. Children who find it difficult to see the words on a page clearly may have a dislike toward reading. Emotions of frustration, fatigue, and restlessness are all symptoms of someone who has ADHD, as well. THE CHILD’S NEEDS The only way to correctly diagnose a child who may have ADHD, a functional vision problem, or both is to have them examined and tested. Before a parent
This silky caramel recipe is spiked with miso for a complex, rich snack that won’t hurt your teeth. Inspired by Bon Appétit MISO CARAMEL APPLES
INGREDIENTS
DIRECTIONS
1. Heat oven to 275 F. 2. In a food processor, pulse pistachios and 1 1/2 tsp sugar. Add sesame seeds and 1 tbsp miso, pulsing until miso is fully broken up. Spread evenly on a rimmed baking sheet. Bake for 15–20 minutes and let cool. 3. Meanwhile, insert a Popsicle stick into the center of each apple. 4. In a saucepan, bring corn syrup, 1 cup sugar, and 2 tbsp water to a boil. Boil for 5–7 minutes, swirling infrequently, until caramel is a light amber color. 5. Add cream and salt to caramel, whisking to combine. Transfer to a large mixing bowl and quickly whisk in remaining miso. 6. To assemble, first roll apple in caramel, then in pistachio mixture, before resting on greased baking sheet. 7. Let cool 30 minutes and serve.
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4 Granny Smith apples
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1/2 cup raw pistachios
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1 1/2 tsp plus 1 cup sugar
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3 tbsp sesame seeds 2 tbsp white miso, divided
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4 Popsicle sticks
2 tbsp light corn syrup
AUTUMN CANDY CARVE COSTUME
SCARECROW HALLOWEEN OCTOBER ORANGE
PUMPKIN FOOTBALL HARVEST LEAVES
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1/4 cup heavy cream 1/4 tsp kosher salt
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