IN YOUR ORCHARD
THE BEE BOX
Planting Precision: Overview of Planting Methods for Winter Cover Crops in Almonds
Benefits of Cover Cropping in Almond Orchards Cover cropping is becoming a more widely adopted practice across the almond industry, offering a practical and cost- effective solution to many operational challenges while enhancing ecosystem benefits in the orchard. Cover cropping supports various agronomic goals, such as improving soil health, reducing erosion, improving water infiltration and improving pollinator populations. By planting winter cover crops after harvest, when almond trees are dormant and orchard activities are minimal, growers can improve soil health and boost crop vitality with minimal disruption to usual operations. As the 2024 almond harvest comes to a close, the time to plant cover crops is now. This article will provide an overview of the key considerations and best practices for different planting methods.
Timing and Preparation In almond orchards, winter cover crops can be planted from early fall through winter. In much of California, planting in early to mid-October is ideal, as it allows growers to take advantage of seasonal rains, align cover crop bloom with almond bloom, and provide the longest possible growing period. While early October is optimal, many growers opt to plant through November and into early December, adjusting based on weather, harvest schedules, and individual timing needs. According to the Almond Board of California’s Cover Crop Best Management Practices guide, seeding before December is recommended to ensure adequate soil temperatures and day length for reliable germination and establishment. The most critical factor in determining planting time is water availability — seeding before orchard irrigation or anticipated rainfall significantly increases the likelihood of planting success.
Soil type, seed mix, budget and existing equipment will all influence your planting method and preparation. The most common methods for planting cover crops in almonds are broadcasting or using a seed drill—either grain drills or no-till drills. For optimal results, it’s best to plant in a prepared seedbed. Light tillage or aeration may be needed to break up compaction, reduce weeds and create a more favorable environment for seedling emergence. If you're using a broadcaster or grain drill, a light tillage pass is recommended to prepare the seedbed. With no-till drills, thorough bed preparation becomes less crucial, as they can handle more crop residue or slight surface crusting, reducing the need for soil disturbance to achieve a good stand.
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ALMOND FACTS
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