DYNAMIC RESPONSE
The dynamic or variable response of the façade is based on two main components: GEOMETRY and MECHANISMS. From the perspective of architecture a geometric approach to the problem of variability is most evident; however, mechanisms are equally important in the geometric design of such systems through the manipulation of their components, being also crucial for the feasibility of implementation and operation in time. The research seeks to develop the geometrical component asking the following question: What kind of mechanical principle would allow developing a low complexity component (feasibility of the system) and a high degree of adaptability (compositional freedom), achieving a high potential indoor environmental response as well? This is achieved through the development of the mechanical principle of a single axis with variable range, developed within the framework of this research. The objective was to assess the potential for environmental improvement of these systems, associated first to the diversity of movements they could generate, and second to the variety of shapes they could manipulate. This versatility would eventually allow greater freedom in defining the architectural enclosure of the building, in the context of the implementation of responsive dynamic systems of mobile sunscreens in office buildings in Santiago.
Detalle mecanismo esquina de frente. Detail mechanism front corner.
PROTOTYPES
The developed mechanical principle was tested by preparing four 1:5-scale prototypes, each building a responsive dynamic system of specific characteristics using the same mechanical principle. Each of these prototypes revealed the versatility of the mechanical principle accommodating different planar geometric configurations and diverse movements while featuring simplicity of construction. The environmental potential – as defined by the ability of a sunscreen system to manipulate variables such as solar radiation and natural light, generating an interior climate that differs from the external conditions - was evaluated experimentally in a measurement lab consisting of two data recording chambers: the first to measure the intended protection and the second as reference sample to evaluate the solar and lighting performance of the 1: 5 scale façade prototypes. The control algorithm for these prototypes was based on the radiation reading as the motion activation variable.
Detalle mecanismo esquina desde atrás. Detail mechanism from behind corner.
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
From the data collected in the measurement operation conducted during the summer in Santiago, an analysis was developed focusing on solar radiation data as the environmental variable that controlled the proposed adaptive mechanical system. Linear and scatter graphs prepared by each prototype revealed the environmental potential linked to the ability of the mobile system to handle solar radiation transmitted into the laboratory enclosure, achieving a stable performance of the radiation variable throughout the day. With this system the peaks commonly present in fully glazed façades and situations where fixed sunscreens are used were also canceled.
Detalle mecanismo desde atrás. Detail mechanism from behind.
Detalle mecanismo frente. Detail mechanism front.
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