To help this, a typology of financing types has been developed for adaptation in Glasgow City Region. The approach recognizes that resource mobilization is needed to finance both incremental and transformational adaptation, using both conventional and transformative adaptation financing approaches. This is shown in the matrix below. All four areas are needed, for example, there is some conventional finance (left hand column) that will be needed for core adaptation actions, and this type of funding can also help test innovative actions, or scale up. However, new financing approaches (right hand column), using transformative finance, will also be needed.
Type of Finance
Conventional finance
Transformative finance
Incremental adaptation
Public sector funds using grants, i.e. business as usual
New instruments or financing models to scale up adapttion
Public sector funds for new innovative adaptation or delivering at scale
New instruments/financing models for innovative and systemic adaptation
Transformational adaptation
Fig.27. The Adaptation Finance Matrix (typology).
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