OSHKOSH CORPORATION NOTES OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Nature of Operations Oshkosh Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a global industrial technology company specializing in the design, development and manufacture of purpose-built vehicles and equipment for the access, fire, airport ground support, refuse collection, concrete placement, defense and delivery vehicle markets. “Oshkosh” refers to Oshkosh Corporation, not including its subsidiaries. The Company is organized into three reportable segments — Access, Vocational and Transport. The Access segment is conducted through a wholly-owned subsidiary, JLG Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (JLG). The Vocational segment is conducted through wholly-owned subsidiaries Pierce Manufacturing Inc. (Pierce), Maxi-Metal Inc. (Maxi-Metal), Kewaunee Fabrications, LLC (Kewaunee), Oshkosh AeroTech, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (Oshkosh AeroTech), McNeilus Companies, Inc. (McNeilus), Oshkosh Commercial Products, LLC (Oshkosh S-Series) and Iowa Mold Tooling Co., Inc. (IMT). The Transport segment is conducted through a wholly-owned subsidiary Oshkosh Defense, LLC and its Principles of Consolidation and Presentation — The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Oshkosh and all of its majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries and are prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. wholly-owned subsidiaries (Oshkosh Defense). 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Revenue Recognition — The Company recognizes revenue when control of the goods or services promised under a contract are transferred to the customer either at a point in time (e.g., upon delivery) or over time (e.g., as the Company performs under the contract) in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for the goods or services. The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights and payment terms of the parties are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. If collectability is not probable, the sale is deferred until collection becomes probable or payment is received. Contracts are reviewed to determine whether there is one or multiple performance obligations. A performance obligation is a promise to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer and represents the unit of accounting for revenue recognition. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the expected consideration (e.g., the transaction price) is allocated to each performance obligation identified in the contract based on the relative standalone selling price of each performance obligation, which is determinable based on observable standalone selling prices or is estimated using an expected cost plus a margin approach. Revenue is then recognized for the transaction price allocated to the performance obligation when control of the promised goods or services underlying the performance obligation is transferred. When the amount of consideration allocated to a performance obligation through this process differs from the invoiced amount, it results in a contract asset or liability. The identification of performance obligations within a contract requires significant judgment. The Company has elected to apply the following practical expedients and accounting policy elections when determining revenue from contracts with customers and capitalization of related costs: • Shipping and handling costs incurred after control of the related product has transferred to the customer are considered costs to fulfill the related promise and are included in “Cost of sales” in the Consolidated Statements of Income when incurred or when the related product revenue is recognized, whichever is earlier. • Except for certain customer advances in the Vocational segment, the Company has elected to not adjust revenue for the effects of a significant financing component when the timing difference between receipt of payment and recognition of revenue is less than one year.
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