LCI Preconstruction & Estimating Training Manual

11/22/2017

Soil Nailing (2)

Bench Down and Excavation (1)

• Bars installed at a slight downward inclination • Solid bars ▫ Usually installed into pre- drilled holes. ▫ Grouted into place using a separate grout line, • Hollow bars ▫ Drilled and grouted simultaneously ▫ Sacrificial drill bit used • Kinetic method ▫ Relatively short bars fired into soil slopes

• Method used when soil is unstable • Cave in is likely to occur • 20 feet maximum excavation depth • Two Types: ▫ Simple One Bench ▫ Multiple Multiple Benches

Bench Down and Excavation (2)

Excavation Methods

Purpose

Vertical

-Large urban sites -Many layers of occupancy -All layers exposed in vertical sections

Superstructures

Horizontal

-Shallow sites -Two or Threelayers of occupancy Can combine Vertical and Horizontal Excavation

Step Trenching

-Deep digging required -Opening large area on the surface -Smaller in size it moves downwards

Cofferdams

-Deep excavation where sides seem to collapse -Case of waterlogged sites

Superstructures

Wood Frames

Soil Nailing (1)

•Stack Framing •Balloon Framing

Structural Steel

•Bar Joists •Precast Planks •Staggered Truss with Precast Planks •Composite Deck Precast Concrete

• Technique to treat unstable natural soil slopes • Allows over steepening of new or existing soil slopes. • Components: ▫ Relatively slender reinforcing elements ▫ Solid or hollow bars are also available ▫ Installation techniques vary

•All Precast •Tilt up and Bar Joists •CMU Precast and Bar Joists •Sigma Stud with Precast Planks

Pre Engineered

•Metal Building •Structure •EPICOR •Worthington®

Cast in Place

•Mild Steel Reinforcement •Pre Tension •Lift Plate System

Thermasteel®

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