2023 New Variety Culture Guides Annuals | NA

Download our 2023 New Variety Culture Guides for Seed and Vegetative Annuals. Learn more at www.syngentaflowers-us.com

Adora ™ Velvet Red

Begonia Adora ™ Culture Guide Begonia x hybrida Product form: Vegetative Containers: Quarts, Gallons, Hanging Baskets Habit: Mounded Garden Specifications Garden Height: 8–12” (20–30 cm) tall Garden Width: 10–14” (25–35 cm) wide Exposure: Part Sun USDA zone: 9–11 AHS zone: 1–10 Product use: Containers, Hanging Baskets, Patio Pots, Combos

Propagation of Unrooted Cuttings

Root emergence: 10–12 days Rooting hormone: Not recommended

Bottom heat temp.: 72–75 °F (22–24 °C) for the first three weeks. After roots are well developed, temperatures can be lowered to hold and tone the cuttings. Misting: Mist schedules vary depending on light and temperature conditions. Apply just enough moisture to rehydrate the cuttings and keep them from wilting. Cuttings should be hydrated and in a non-wilted stage within 24 hours after sticking. Cuttings that continue to wilt heavily after 24 hours will callus unevenly and will be delayed in rooting. CapSil ® (spray adjuvant) can be sprayed on the cuttings at a rate of 2–4 oz/100 gal within 1–2 days after sticking to help in rehydration of the cuttings. Misting should be significantly reduced after 3–4 days and after cuttings become fully hydrated. Applying too much mist early on can lead to foliar disease and tissue breakdown. Rec. tray size: 72-cell Propagation timing: 6 weeks for a 72-cell plug; add more rooting time for significantly larger plug sizes. Temperature

Day: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Night: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Necessary to 14 hours

Light intensity: 1,000–1,200 foot candles (200–250 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. Light levels can be increased up to 3,000 foot candles (600 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) as rooting increases and the cutting matures. Day length response: Facultative short day Daily light integral (DLI): 4–6 mol·m -2 ·d -1 for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. DLI can be increased to greater than 12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 after root formation. Media pH: 5.6–6.0 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: Begin fertilization at 50 ppm nitrogen when roots become visible. Rates can be increased up to 100 ppm nitrogen after roots become well developed. Use primarily Cal-Mag ® Plus (calcium nitrate + magnesium nitrate) fertilizers in propagation to prevent unwanted stretch. Pinching: Recommended Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Spray Altercel ® plant growth regulator at 500– 1,000 ppm (chlormequat chloride).

Adora ™ Satin Rose

Finishing

Scheduling

Temperature Day: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Night: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C Average daily temperature: 73 °F (22.5 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 6,000–8,000 foot candles (1,200–1,600 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 )

PLANTS PER POT

SIZE

CROP TIME

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

6–8 weeks

1 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon) 3.0 quart to 2.0 gallon (7.5 to 10 inch) 1.5 gallon hanging basket (10 inch basket)

8–10 weeks

2–3 ppp

10–14 weeks

3–4 ppp

10–14 weeks

4–5 ppp

Day length response: Facultative short day Daily light integral (DLI): 16–18 mol·m -2 ·d -1

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 105-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 73 °F (22.5 °C).

Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly above the level of media in the container. Make sure that the root ball is covered and that the plug is situated in the center of the pot.

Example crop schedule for a 2.5 quart

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

IMPORTANT: When planting, place liners with the leaf tips pointing towards to the outside of the container for best plant growth and flower presentation.

DESCRIPTION

Provide average daily temperatures of 73 °F and DLI levels above 12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 . If needed, use supplemental lighting to provide 14 hours of light per day

1 week

Media pH: 5.8–6.2 Media EC: SME EC: 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm Fertilizer: 200–250 ppm N Pinching: Yes, 1 soft pinch is recommend either in propagation or 7–10 days after transplant. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): PGRs are not usually required. However, if needed Adora Begonias during finishing respond well to sprays of Altercel ® at 5,00–1,000ppm, or sprays of A-Rest ® at 5 ppm. Tech tip: Day extension lighting to 14 hours is recommended for the first weeks of finished production to bulk plant size. Lighting should be discontinued at least four weeks prior to shipping flowering plants.

2 weeks

Soft pinch if not done in the liner stage

Apply a spray of copper-based fungicide for prevention of bacterial diseases. Scout for insect pests and spray as needed throughout crop cycle Apply a spray of Altercel ® at 500–1,000 ppm if needed for growth control Apply a broad-spectrum fungicide drench to prevent late-season basal stem and root rot diseases

3 weeks

4 weeks

6 weeks

8 weeks

Finish

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 3. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 3 - MOIST: Soil is brown in color, strongly squeezing the soil will extract a few drops of water, and trays are light with no visible bend. Common pests: Thrips, Broad Mites Common diseases: Botrytis, Tospovirus, Xanthemonas

Adora ™ Moon Dance

All photos are either the property of Syngenta or are used with permission. © 2022 Syngenta. Important: Always read and follow label instructions. Some products may not be registered for sale or use in all states or counties. Please check with your local Extension Service to ensure registration status. Some or all of the varieties may be protected under one or more of the following: Plant Variety Protection, United States Plant Patents and/or Utility Patents and may not be propagated or reproduced without authorization. Trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Talavera ™ Moondust

Coleus Talavera ™ Culture Guide Plectranthus scutellarioides Product form: Vegetative Containers: Quarts, Gallons Habit: Bushy, Mounded, Upright Garden Specifications Garden Height: 14–36” (35–90 cm) tall Garden Width: 14–36” (35–90 cm) wide Exposure: Full Shade–Full Sun USDA zone: 10–11 AHS zone: 12–9 Product use: Containers, Landscapes, Patio Pots

Propagation of Unrooted Cuttings

Root emergence: 7–14 days Rooting hormone: Not recommended Bottom heat temp.: Not necessary.

Misting: Mist schedules vary depending on light and temperature conditions. Apply just enough moisture to rehydrate the cuttings and keep them from wilting. Cuttings should be hydrated and in a non-wilted stage within 24 hours after sticking. Cuttings that continue to wilt heavily after 24 hours will callus unevenly and will be delayed in rooting. CapSil ® (spray adjuvant) can be sprayed on the cuttings at a rate of 2–4 oz/100 gal within 1–2 days after sticking to help in rehydration of the cuttings. Misting should be significantly reduced after 3–4 days and after cuttings become fully hydrated. Rec. tray size: 105-cell (30 mm) Propagation timing: 3–4 weeks for a 105-cell plug; add more rooting time for significantly larger plug sizes. Temperature

Day: 74–76 °F (23–24 °C) Night: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Not necessary

Light intensity: 1,000–1,200 foot candles (200–250 µmol m -2 s -1 ) for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. Light levels can be increased up to 3,000 foot candles (600 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) as rooting increases and the cutting matures. Daily light integral (DLI): 4–6 mol·m -2 ·d -1 for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. DLI can be increased to greater than 12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 after root formation. Media pH: 5.6–6.0 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: Begin fertilization at 100 ppm nitrogen when roots become visible. Rates can be increased up to 200 ppm nitrogen after roots become well developed. Use primarily Cal-Mag ® Plus (calcium nitrate + magnesium nitrate) fertilizers in propagation to prevent unwanted stretch. Pinching: Optional Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Florel ® sprays can be used to substitute at rates of 300–500 ppm or B-Nine ® WSG sprays can be used to reduce stem elongation with rates of 1,500–2,500 ppm.

Talavera ™ Pink Tricolor

Finishing

Scheduling

Temperature Day: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Night: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Average daily temperature: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Not necessary Light intensity: 6,000–8,000 foot candles (1,200–1,600 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) Daily light integral (DLI): 12–14 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly below the level of media in the container. Make sure that the root ball is covered and that the cutting is situated in the center of the pot. Media pH: 5.8–6.2 Media EC: SME EC: 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm Fertilizer: 125–175 ppm N Pinching: Yes, a pinch is recommended either in propagation or 7–10 days after transplant. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Sprays of B-Nine WSG ® at 2,500 ppm can be utilized to control growth and provide an alternative to a manual pinch. A Bonzi ® drench can also be utilized starting at 0.5–2.0 ppm with various environmental factors taken in to account. Tech tip: Talavera ™ was selected for heat and full sun tolerance and well as very late flowering to avoid flowers during production and well into the garden phase.

PLANTS PER POT

SIZE

CROP TIME

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

4–5 weeks

1 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon) 3.0 quart to 2.0 gallon (7.5 to 10 inch)

6–7 weeks

1 ppp

8–9 weeks

2–3 ppp

3.0 gallon pot (12 to 14 inch planter)

10–11 weeks

4–5 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 105-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 69 °F (20.5 °C).

Example crop schedule for a 2.5 quart

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

DESCRIPTION

Evaluate plants for growth control and apply B-Nine WSG ® spray at rates of 2,500–5,000 ppm Evaluate plants for growth control and apply Bonzi ® drench if needed to maintain habit and growth

2 weeks

5 weeks

7 weeks

Finish

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

Talavera ™ Moondust and Sienna Mix

Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 3. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 3 - MOIST: Soil is brown in color, strongly squeezing the soil will extract a few drops of water, and trays are light with no visible bend. Common pests: Aphids, Whiteflies Common diseases: Botrytis, Pythium, Downy Mildew, Powdery Mildew, Rhizoctonia

Madinia ® Petite Red

Dipladenia Madinia ® Petite Culture Guide Mandevilla hybrida Product form: Vegetative Containers: Packs, Pints, Quarts, Gallons Habit: Mounded Garden Specifications

Propagation of Unrooted Cuttings

Root emergence: 12–14 days Rooting hormone: Recommended. A 0.1% (1,000 ppm) IBA concentration using either powder or liquid formulations can be applied to the lower portion of the cutting stem. Be careful not to coat the leaves or entire cutting—excess application can cause burning and damage to the cutting. Another option is to apply an overhead heavy spray to the cuttings (penetrating the rooting media) using water- soluble K-IBA at 250–300 ppm 24–48 hours after sticking. Do not use overhead applications of alcohol-based IBA solutions (ex. Dip’N Grow ® ). Bottom heat temp.: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) for the first three weeks. After roots are well developed, temperatures can be lowered to hold and tone the cuttings. Misting: Mist schedules vary depending on light and temperature conditions. Apply just enough moisture to rehydrate the cuttings and keep them from wilting. Cuttings should be hydrated and in a non-wilted stage within 24 hours after sticking. Cuttings that continue to wilt heavily after 24 hours will callus unevenly and will be delayed in rooting. CapSil ® (spray adjuvant) can be sprayed on the cuttings at a rate of 2–4 oz/100 gal within 1–2 days after sticking to help rehydrate the cuttings. Misting should be significantly reduced after 3–4 days and after cuttings become fully hydrated. Applying too much mist early on can lead to foliar disease and tissue breakdown. Rec. tray size: 105-cell (30 mm) Propagation timing: 5–6 weeks for a 105-cell plug; add more rooting time for significantly larger plug sizes. Temperature

Garden Height: 10–12” (25–30 cm) tall Garden Width: 10–12” (35–30 cm) wide

Exposure: Full Sun USDA zone: 10–11 AHS zone: 12–4 Product use: Containers, Hanging Baskets, Patio Pots, Combos

Day: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Night: 72–74 °F (22–23 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial

Madinia ® Petite Pink

Light intensity: 1,000–1,200 foot candles (200–250 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. Light levels can be increased up to 3,000 foot candles (600 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) as rooting increases and the cutting matures. Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 4–6 mol·m -2 ·d -1 for the first two weeks after sticking or until root development occurs. DLI can be increased to greater than 12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 after root formation. Media pH: 5.8–6.2 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: Begin fertilization at 100 ppm nitrogen when roots become visible. Rates can be increased up to 200 ppm nitrogen after roots become well developed. Use primarily Cal-Mag ® Plus (calcium nitrate + magnesium nitrate) fertilizers in propagation to prevent unwanted stretch. Pinching: Recommended

Plant growth regulators (PGRs): To control growth after rooting, a spray of B-Nine ® WSG (3,500–4,000 ppm) can be used. Sprays of Configure ® (150–300 ppm) or Atrimmec ® (200 ppm) can also be used to improve branching on the young rooted plants. These Configure ® or Atrimmec ® sprays should be applied to actively growing plants and done ideally 5–7 days before pinching. Do not spray B-Nine ® WSG, Configure ® , or Atrimmec ® on stressed or weak cuttings. For all sprays listed above, the mist should be off for a minimum of one hour for the PGR to absorb into the leaf tissue.

Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Common pests: Aphids, Whiteflies, Thrips, Mealybugs, Spider Mites Common diseases: Cercospora and Corynespora fungal leaf spot, Fungal root, Basal stem rot

Finishing

Scheduling

Temperature Day: 76–78 °F (24–26 °C) Night: 70–72 °F (21–22 °C) Average daily temperature: 73–75 °F (23–24 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial Light intensity: 4,000–6,000 foot candles (800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 )

PLANTS PER POT

SIZE

CROP TIME

Large Packs

6–7 weeks

1 ppp

1.0 pint ( 4 inch )

6–7 weeks

1 ppp

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

7–8 weeks

1 ppp

Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 16–18 mol·m -2 ·d -1

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon) 1.5 gallon hanging basket (10 inch basket)

8–9 weeks

3 ppp

10–11 weeks

5 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 105-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 73 °F (23 °C).

Example crop schedule for a 1.0 quart

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

DESCRIPTION

Provide ADT of 73 °F (23 °C) or higher and DLI levels above 15 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Apply a spray of Configure ® (300 ppm) to improve branching. Pinch plants when they are well rooted into the container. Begin scouting regularly for pests

1 week

2 weeks

8 weeks

Finish

Madinia ® Petite Red

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

Limitless ™ Sorbet

Tuberous Begonia Limitless ™ Culture Guide Begonia tuberhybrida

Germination

Stages 1 & 2 Germination time: 7–10 days Media temp: 73–78 °F (23–26 °C) Chamber: Optional Light: Required for germination Seed cover: No

Moisture level: 5 - SATURATED: Soil is dark brown and shiny, free water is present at the surface of the soil, water drips freely from the bottom of the tray, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Rec. tray size: 288-cell tray Seeds per cell: 1

Product form: Seed Containers: Large Packs, Pints, Quarts, Gallons, Hanging Baskets Habit: Mounded Garden Specifications

Young Plant Production

Garden Height: 10–12” (25–30 cm) tall Garden Width: 10–12” (25–30 cm) wide Exposure: Part shade to full shade

Stage 3 & 4 Temperature

Day: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Night: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Average daily temperature: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Necessary to 14 hours Light intensity: 2,000–2,500 foot candles (400–500 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) Day length response: Obligate long day Daily light integral (DLI): 10–12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME 0.5 to 0.75 mS/cm Fertilizer: 75–125 ppm N Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 3 and 4. 3 - MOIST: Soil is brown in color, strongly squeezing the soil will extract a few drops of water, and trays are light with no visible bend. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Pinching: No

USDA zone: 11 AHS zone: 12–1 Product use: Containers, Hanging Baskets, Landscapes, Patio Pots, Combos

Limitless ™ Dark Red

Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Usually not needed in the plug. If needed spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500 ppm or Cycocel ® at 300 ppm. Plug grow time: 7–8 weeks in a 288-cell tray Comments: Tuberous Begonias will form tubers and single flowers under short days so providing night interruption lighting for a total of at least 14 hours is necessary, even in the plug stage. During the early stages of growth, irrigate very gently since Begonia seedlings are very small and heavy watering will disturb the roots. This is a relatively long plug crop so keeping the media too wet can lead to excessive algae growth.

Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Common pests: Aphids, Thrips Common diseases: Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Botrytis, Powdery mildew, Tospoviruses (INSV and TSWV)

Finishing

Scheduling

Temperature Day: 62–64 °F (17–18 °C) Night: 60–62 °F (16–17 °C) Average daily temperature: 62 °F (17 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 4,000–6,000 foot candles (800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 )

SIZE

CROP TIME PLANTS PER POT

Large Packs

8–10 weeks 1 ppp

1.0 pint ( 4 inch )

8–10 weeks 1 ppp

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

10–12 weeks 1 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon) 3.0 quart to 2.0 gallon (7.5 to 10 inch) 1.5 gallon hanging basket (10 inch basket) 2.0 gallon hanging basket (12 inch basket)

10–12 weeks 1–2 ppp

Day length response: Obligate long day Daily light integral (DLI): 12–14 mol·m -2 ·d -1

11–12 weeks 3–5 ppp

11–12 weeks 4–5 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 288-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 62 °F (17 °C).

Example crop schedule for a large pack

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

DESCRIPTION

Make sure leaves are pointing to outside of basket. Check to see that long days are being provided. Ensure that a great Thrips scouting/control program is in place Apply plant growth regulators (PGRs) if necessary Apply plant growth regulators (PGRs) if necessary Apply plant growth regulators (PGRs) if necessary Start scouting for Powdery Mildew since if it does show up it is usually at the start of flower bud formation

1 week

4 weeks 6 weeks 8 weeks

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

9 weeks

10 weeks

Finish

Cresta ™ Harmony

Crested French Marigold Cresta ™ Culture Guide Tagetes patula nana Product form: Seed Containers: Packs, Pints, Quarts Habit: Mounded Garden Specifications

Germination

Stages 1 & 2 Germination time: 3–5 days Media temp: 70–72 °F (21–22 °C) Chamber: Optional Light: Not required for germination Seed cover: Yes

Young Plant Production

Stage 3 & 4 Temperature

Day: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Night: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Average daily temperature: 69 °F (21 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Not necessary Light intensity: 2,000–2,500 foot candles (400–500 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) Day length response: Day neutral Daily light integral (DLI): 10–12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.8–6.2 Media EC: SME 0.5–0.75 mS/cm Fertilizer: 75–125 ppm N Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted form soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Pinching: No

Garden Height: 9–11” (23–28 cm) tall Garden Width: 12–16” (30–40 cm) wide Exposure: Full Sun

USDA zone: 10 AHS zone: 12–1 Product use: Packs, Containers, Landscapes, Patio Pots, Combos

Cresta ™ Bee

Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Usually not needed. If necessary, spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 1,500-2,500 ppm to control stem elongation. Plug grow time: 3–4 weeks in a 288-cell tray Comments: French Marigolds are very easy to germinate on the bench. If seedlings get stretched, they can be planted deep at transplanting, and new roots will form along the stems. Do not hold too long in the plug tray or stress-induced flowering may occur, and plants will flower before bulking up to a satisfactory size.

Common pests: Spider Mites, Thrips, Leafminers, Aphids, Whiteflies Common diseases: Pythium, Botrytis, Bacterial leaf spot, Alternaria leaf spot t

Scheduling

SIZE

CROP TIME PLANTS PER POT

Packs

3–4 weeks 1 ppp 3–4 weeks 1 ppp

Large Packs

Finishing

1.0 pint ( 4 inch )

3–4 weeks 1 ppp

Temperature Day: 66–68 °F (19–20 °C) Night: 62–64 °F (17–18 °C) Average daily temperature: 64 °F (18 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Optional Light intensity: 4,000–6,000 foot candles (800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) Day length response: Day neutral Daily light integral (DLI): 12–14 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly below the level of media in the container. Make sure that the root ball is covered and that the plug is situated in the center of the pot. Media pH: 6.1–6.5 Media EC: SME EC: 1.5–2.1 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 2.3–3.2 mS/cm Fertilizer: 125–175 ppm N Pinching: No. Pinching is not recommended or needed. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Since Cresta French Marigold is naturally compact, PGRs are not usually necessary. If needed, spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm. An alternative PGR would be Bonzi ® sprays at 15–30 ppm or Sumagic ® sprays at 5–10 ppm. A Bonzi ® drench at 2–3 ppm can be applied to hold, especially in packs, at finish. Tech tip: To avoid iron and/or manganese toxicity, monitor and maintain media pH above 6.1. If plugs are stretched, plant them deep, up to the cotyledon, to prevent floppiness.

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

5–6 weeks 1–2 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon)

5–6 weeks 2–3 ppp

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 288-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 64 °F (18 °C).

Example crop schedule for packs

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

DESCRIPTION

2 weeks 3 weeks

Check media pH and adjust if under 6.1

Finish

Cresta ™ Mix

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

Delta ™ Pro Blotch Mix

Pansy Delta ™ Pro Culture Guide F1 Viola × wittrockiana Product form: Seed Containers: Packs, Pints, Quarts, Gallons, Hanging Baskets Habit: Mounding Garden Specifications

Young Plant Production

Stage 3 & 4 Temperature

Day: 68–70 °F (20–21 °C) Night: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Average daily temperature: 67 °F (19.5 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 2,500–3,500 foot candles (500–700 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 10–12 mol·m -2 ·d -1 Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm Fertilizer: 75–125 ppm N Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted form soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Pinching: No Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Spray with Bonzi ® at 1–5 ppm if hypocotyl stretch is observed or if environmental conditions are such that hypocotyl stretch is likely. Apply at the 1 to 2 leaf stage. Use lower rates in Northern

Garden Height: 4–6” (10–15 cm) tall Garden Width: 6–8” (15–20 cm) wide Exposure: Full Sun

USDA zone: 4 AHS zone: 9–1 Product use: Packs, Containers, Hanging Baskets, Landscapes, Patio Pots, Combos

Germination

Stages 1 & 2 Germination time: 5 days Media temp: 65–68 °F (18–20 °C) Chamber: Optional Light: Required for germination Seed cover: Yes

climates and higher rates in Southern climates. Plug grow time: 5–6 weeks in a 288-cell tray

Comments: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. Do not hold Pansy plugs—transplant before plugs get root bound.

See our PreNova ™ 2.0 culture sheet for Pansy seeds.

Finishing

Scheduling

Temperature Day: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Night: 64–66 °F (18–19 °C) Average daily temperature: 65 °F (18.5 °C) Lighting Day extension lighting: Beneficial to 14 hours Light intensity: 4,000–6,000 foot candles (800–1,200 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 )

SIZE

CROP TIME PLANTS PER POT

Packs

4–5 weeks

1 ppp

Large Packs

5–6 weeks 1 ppp

1.0 pint ( 4 inch )

5–6 weeks 1 ppp

1.0 quart (4.5 to 5 inch)

5–6 weeks 1 ppp

1.25 to 2.5 quart (5.5 to 6.5 inch, trade gallon) 1.5 gallon hanging basket (10 inch basket)

5–6 weeks 2–3 ppp

Day length response: Facultative long day Daily light integral (DLI): 12–14 mol·m -2 ·d -1

5–7 weeks

5–6 ppp

Transplanting: Transplant directly into the finished container. Place the rooting media slightly below the level of media in the container. Make sure that the root ball is covered and that the plug is situated in the center of the pot. Media pH: 5.5–5.9 Media EC: SME EC: 0.9–1.3 mS/cm, PourThru EC: 1.4–2.0 mS/cm Fertilizer: 75–125 ppm N Pinching: No. Pinching is not recommended or needed. Plant growth regulators (PGRs): Usually not required if growing cool. If conditions are warmer or darker than ideal, choose one of the following sprays: Bonzi ® at 5–15 ppm, Sumagic ® at 1–6 ppm, or B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm. Use lower rates in Northern climates and higher rates in Southern climates. Tech tip: Keep media pH below 5.8 to help avoid Thielaviopsis infections. Under hot temperatures, provide lower light levels to reduce heat stress. Do not hold Pansy plugs—transplant before plugs get root bound. Malformed and puckered leaves indicate calcium or boron deficiencies. To prevent this, fertilize with plug special (13–2–13) or a Cal-Mag ® Plus fertilizer (14–4–14). Boron deficiencies can be distinguished by tip abortion, upper leaf stunting, puckering and thickening of leaves, along with shortened internodes and/or a gnarled mass of lateral shoots. Boron deficiency is more prevalent during warm weather with frequent watering. A borax or Solubor® drench will help overcome these problems. Increase airflow to help prevent calcium or boron deficiencies.

Estimated finish crop time is from transplant of a 288-cell tray and finished at an average daily temperature (ADT) of 65 °F (18.5 °C).

Example crop schedule for a large pack

WEEKS FROM TRANSPLANT

DESCRIPTION

1 week

Drench with preventative fungicide

Spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm if needed Spray with B-Nine ® WSG at 2,500–5,000 ppm if needed

2 weeks

4 weeks

6 weeks

Finish

Delta ™ Pro Tricolor Mix

Try Chrysal Alesco ® , a postharvest foliar spray, to protect ethylene sensitive crops during shipping and retail.

Moisture level: Media should be allowed to dry between irrigations. Alternate between moisture level 2 and 4. 2 - MEDIUM: Soil is light brown in color, no water can be extracted from soil, and soil will crumble apart. 4 - WET: Soil is dark brown but not shiny, no free water is seen at the surface of the soil, when pressed or squeezed water drips easily, and trays are heavy with a visible bend in the middle. Common pests: Aphids, Thrips Common diseases: Alternaria, Downy mildew, Thielaviopsis, Cercospora, Botrytis

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