15 Changing nations –
18.4 How do courts make laws? ........................ 534 18.5 What is the relationship between parliament and courts in lawmaking? ......... 539 18.6 What is the difference between civil and criminal law? ............................................... 543 18.7 What is customary law in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples’ communities? ............................................. 547 18.8 Inquiry: Does Australia need a bill of rights? ........................................................ 555 18.9 Review ........................................................ 557 19 Citizenship, diversity and identity 561 19.1 Overview ..................................................... 562 19.2 What does national identity mean in a globalised world? ....................................... 564 19.3 How has Australia’s identity been shaped? ...................................................... 570 19.4 What are the different perspectives on national identity in Australia? ...................... 575 19.5 Inquiry: What is the future of Australia Day? ........................................................... 578 19.6 Review ........................................................ 580
urbanisation and migration 419 15.1 Overview ..................................................... 420 15.2 What is migration? ...................................... 422 15.3 Where are people moving to and from? ...... 426 15.4 Why do people migrate within countries? ... 434 15.5 Inquiry: A migration story ............................ 441 15.6 Urbanisation and urban growth .................. 443 15.7 Urbanisation in Australia ............................. 449 15.8 Urbanisation in Indonesia ........................... 454 15.9 What are the advantages and disadvantages of urbanisation? .................. 459 15.10 What are megacities? ................................. 464 15.11 What are sustainable cities? ....................... 469 15.12 Inquiry: Planning Australia’s newest sustainable city ........................................... 475 15.13 Investigating topographic maps – Jakarta ........................................................ 477 15.14 Review ........................................................ 480
CIVICS AND CITIZENSHIP
16 Civics and Citizenship concepts and skills 485 16.1 Overview ..................................................... 486 16.2 Civics and Citizenship concepts and skills ........................................................... 488 16.3 SkillBuilder: Investigating contemporary civics and citizenship issues ............................................ 16.4 SkillBuilder: Evaluating democratic institutions and systems .............. 16.5 SkillBuilder: Participating in civic processes ...................................... 16.6 SkillBuilder: Communicating ........ 16.7 Review ........................................................ 493 17 Australia’s government and democracy 497 17.1 Overview ..................................................... 498 17.2 How do Australians participate in our democracy? ................................................ 500 17.3 How do we form a government? ................. 504 17.4 What makes our government system fair? ................................................ 510 17.5 How is opinion on government shaped? ..... 514 17.6 Inquiry: What is the role of digital media in Australian politics? .................................. 518 17.7 Review ........................................................ 520 18 Laws and citizens 523 18.1 Overview ..................................................... 524 18.2 Why do we need laws? ............................... 526 18.3 How do parliaments make laws? ................ 530
ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS
20 Economics and Business concepts and skills 583 20.1 Overview ..................................................... 584 20.2 Economics and Business concepts and skills ..................................................... 586 20.3 SkillBuilder: Investigating ............. 20.4 SkillBuilder: Interpreting and analysing data and information .................... 20.5 SkillBuilder: Evaluating, concluding and decision-making .................... 20.6 SkillBuilder: Communicating ........ 20.7 Review ........................................................ 593 21 Understanding tax and consumer literacy 597 21.1 Overview ..................................................... 598 21.2 Our role in the economy ............................. 600 21.3 The role of the government in the economy ..................................................... 604 21.4 The Australian taxation system ................... 610 21.5 Inquiry: How would you tax the Australian public? ....................................... 615 21.6 Consumer and financial literacy .................. 616 21.7 Review ........................................................ 621
viii CONTENTS
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