SOURCE4 An extract from The Battle of Maldon , a late tenth- or early eleventh-century poem written in Old English about a battle in which the Anglo-Saxons were defeated by the Vikings
Then was the fight near, glory in battle. The time had come when fey men must fall there. Clamor was raised there. Ravens circled, eagles, eager for carrion. There was uproar on earth. From hands then they released file- hard spears; ground spears [grim ones] flew. Bows were busy; shield took spear-point. Bitter that battle-rush! Warriors fell; on either hand young men lay.
7.7 SkillBuilder activity QUESTIONING AND RESEARCHING1 As historians, it is important that we ask the right questions about sources to understand what they can teach us. 1. Propose at least five questions you could ask about the artefacts in SOURCE5 that would help you decide how useful they are giving you information about the Viking Age. Example: Where were they found? 2. For each question, create a brief explanation about why it is important to ask it. 3. Communicate your questions and your explanations. Pretend you are speaking as part of a panel at a university history department evening, with the topic being Viking Archaeology.
SOURCE5 Viking weapons from the tenth century CE
7.7
Exercise
Learning pathways LEVEL1 1, 2, 3, 7
LEVEL2
LEVEL3
4, 5, 6, 8
9, 10
REMEMBER AND UNDERSTAND 1. Vikings were very fierce fighters. State why Vikings have been regarded as barbarians.
A. The Vikings had minimal dress codes and manners. B. The Vikings have been stereotyped as savage raiders. C. The Vikings killed mainly for pleasure. D. The Vikings took no prisoners. 2. Identify whether the following is True or False.The most popular weapon among the Vikings was the battle axe. It was used the most because it could be used in a variety of situations. 3. Select the correct words from the options below to complete the following sentences. mail half a bone square hide round iron conical one bronze linen one and a half a. Evidence suggests that the Viking helmet was a _______________ shape. b. Viking shields were about _______________ metre(s) wide and were made of timber and _______________. c. Viking armour was made of leather or _______________.
178 Jacaranda Humanities Alive 8 Victorian Curriculum Third Edition
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