Thailand and Laos • In the sixth century, the Mon founded a network of Theravada Buddhist city-states called the kingdom of Dvaravati along Thailand’s Chao Phraya River valley. They founded Haripunchai in northern Thailand in the ninth century. When the Khmer invaded, the Mon perished or were assimilated. • In the thirteenth century, the Tai kingdom of Lan Na came to power in northern Thailand. In central Thailand, Sukhothai was the most powerful of the Tai states from 1238 to 1350. The main threat to these states came from Burma. Tai peoples also occupied the lowlands of Laos.
SkillBuilder discussion Continuity and change 1. Look at the map. Can you place todays county names on there? 2. Discuss what you know about these countries in the modern day?
SOURCE2 A map of civilisations in mainland South-East Asia in 400–700 CE. Over the next few centuries, Dvaravati would expand north. Black line borders show modern states.
Key
Modern country border
Extent by 500 CE
Extent by 900 CE
Kingdom FUNAN
LIU SONG
EMPIRE
YUNGUI PLATEAU
PYU
Gulf of Tonk i n
PEGU
Khorat Plateau
THATON
CHENLA
Gulf of Martaban
DVARAVATI
R a
CHAMPA
SOUTH
Tonle Sap
FUNAN
CHINA
ANDAMAN
Gulf of Tha i l and
SEA
SEA
0
200
400 600
kilometres
Lake Toba
Source: Map drawn by Spatial Vision.
Cambodia • From the third century to the seventh century, the civilisation of Funan covered much of Cambodia. The people of Funan were Khmers and Mons. Funan adopted Hinduism from India. • From about 630 to 802, a collection of Hindu states called Chenla existed north of Funan in northern Cambodia, southern Laos and eastern Thailand.
Jacaranda Humanities Alive 8 Victorian Curriculum Third Edition
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