LESSON 12.2 Geographical concepts and skills
LEARNING INTENTION By the end of this lesson you should be able to: • identify , explain and apply the seven Geography concepts using the acronym SPICESS • apply the skills that geographers use.
12.2.1 Geographical concepts: SPICESS Geographical concepts help you to make sense of your world. By using these concepts, you can investigate and understand the world you live in. The concepts help you to think geographically. There are seven major concepts: space , place , interconnection , change , environment , sustainability and scale . You will use the seven concepts to investigate two units: Landscapes and landforms and Changing nations .
FIGURE1 A way to remember these seven concepts is to think of the acronym SPICESS.
Space
Interconnection
Scale
Environment
S
P
I
C
E
S
S
Place
Change
Sustainability
12.2.2 What is space? The concept of space focuses on the location and distribution of things on the surface of the Earth. The space can be organised and managed by people or it can simply be where things are located in the natural environment. When referring to space in Geography, location can be absolute or relative. • Absolute location is the unique location of a site or geographical feature. For example, the absolute location of Shepparton is 36 ° 22’ south longitude and 124 ° 24’ east latitude. • Relative location is the location of a place or feature in relation to other places. It can be described by direction and distance from other places and features. For example, Shepparton is 189 km NNE of Melbourne. A place can be described by its absolute location (latitude and longitude) or its relative location (in what direction and how far it is from another place). 12.2.3 What is place? The world is made up of places, so to understand our world we need to understand its places by studying their variety, how they influence our lives and how we create and change them.
266 Jacaranda Humanities Alive 8 Victorian Curriculum Third Edition
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