14.2 SkillBuilder activity GEOGRAPHICAL INQUIRY 1. Research how plate tectonic theory first came to be accepted. a. Identify who came up with this theory. b. Outline three types of evidence cited to prove this theory. 2. Construct annotated diagrams of the three major plate boundaries. Make sure you include in your diagrams the direction of the flow of the convection current in the mantle. Include the following: • Convergent boundary (subduction zone) • Lateral plate boundary • Spreading plate boundary
14.2
Exercise
Learning pathways LEVEL1 1, 2, 6
LEVEL2
LEVEL3
3, 5, 7, 8
4, 9
REMEMBER AND UNDERSTAND 1. a. Determine whether the following statements are True or False. i. The world’s volcanoes are randomly scattered over the Earth’s surface. ii. Most of the world’s volcanoes are concentrated along the edges of certain continents. iii. Island chains are closely linked with the location of volcanoes. iv. There are no active hotspots within the Pacific Ocean. b. Use the statements from parts a – d towrite a summary paragraph, remembering to rewrite the false statements to make them true. 2. Convection currents: A. are the force that moves continents. B. are caused by heat rising and then cooling. C. start beneath the Earth’s surface in the core and travel through the mantle. D. are all of the above. 3. The hotspot that helped form the Hawaiian Islands is: A. in the Central Pacific Ocean. B. in the Atlantic Ocean. C. no longer active. D. under the Antarctic ice sheet. 4. Explain the meaning of subduction when referring to plate movements. In your explanation include the plate that remains and the plate that subducts. 5. Recall two locations where plates are moving apart. Explain what is happening in these places. 6. Identify the type of plate boundaries that surround the Pacific Ocean. ANALYSE AND APPLY 7. Describe the distribution of volcanoes shown in FIGURE3 . Suggest what this distribution has in common with the location of plate boundaries. EVALUATE AND COMMUNICATE 8. Refer to FIGURE3 . Propose why Australia has no active volcanoes and relatively few earthquakes. 9. Refer to FIGURE3 . Identify three places where plates are converging. Identify the mountain ranges, if any, that are located in these places. Answers and sample responses for this topic are available online.
TOPIC14 Geomorphological processes and hazards
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