LESSON 15.14 Review 15.14.1
Key knowledge summary Use this dot point summary to review the content covered in this topic. 15.2 What is migration? • Migration is when people move from one place to settle in another. • Migration types can be categorised by time, location and degree of choice. • Push and pull factors influence decisions to migrate. • Push factors are unfavourable qualities or conditions that make people want to leave a place. • Pull factors are desirable qualities or conditions that attract people to a new place. 15.3 Where are people moving to and from? • Emigrants are leaving a country; immigrants are entering a country. • Annual net migration takes into account the difference between the number of people who move into a country and the number who leave it over the course of a year. • Push and pull factors influencing international migration can be broadly categorised as social, economic, political or environmental. • The majority of international migrants to Australia are from Europe or Asia due to the cultural connection and/or geographic convenience. • Migrants come to Australia for a large variety of reasons. 15.4 Why do people migrate within countries? • Within Australia, people move for employment reasons as FIFO or seasonal workers, or for a more relaxed lifestyle via a sea or tree change. • Within China, employment reasons motivate labourers to move from rural areas to coastal cities for work in factories and technological industries. • Internal displacement is when people are forced to move, rather than voluntarily moving. • Conflict and natural disasters are the two main factors behind incidences of internal displacement. 15.5 Inquiry: A migration story • To gain an understanding of the reasons people migrate • Develop an awareness of the impact of migration on the destination country • Understand how emigration impacted the nation that the subject left 15.6 Urbanisation and urban growth • Cities first developed around 5000 years ago in Mesopotamia. • Industrialisation during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw the global urban population increase dramatically. • Urban growth has not occurred evenly around the world; Africa and Asia remain less urbanised in comparison to Europe and North America, though this is changing rapidly. • Australia and the United States both have a number of conurbations. 15.7 Urbanisation in Australia • Australia is one of the most urbanised nations in the world. • The consequences of a highly urbanised Australia include the loss of surrounding farmland, a loss of biodiversity and an increased use of cars and thus traffic congestion. • In recent years we are increasingly seeing the advent of people leaving the cities for a sea or tree change.
480 Jacaranda Humanities Alive 8 Victorian Curriculum Third Edition
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