longshore drift a process by which material is moved along a beach in the same direction as the prevailing wind lords aristocratic landowners in feudal times lymphnode lump of tissue that helps the body fight infection; part of the immune system mace iron-headed club magistrate a court official who hears cases in the lowest court in the legal system mail armour comprising chain links manslaughter the accidental or unintentional killing of one person by another person mantle the layer of the Earth between the crust and the core marginalisation treatment of a group of people which relegates them to the fringes of society market capitalist economy an economic system that relies on the market to allocate resources based on the actions of consumers and producers, and where resources are generally owned by private individuals and businesses market the place where goods, services or resources are exchanged between buyers and sellers martyr someone who dies for their faith or is recognised by their religion in death mass Roman Catholic Church service meander a winding curve or bend in a river megacity a very large city with a population of at least 10 million people megaregions megacities merge to form these mercenary soldier fighting for money, not ideals miasma unpleasant smells or fumes thought to be the cause of disease in medieval times microclimate specific atmospheric conditions within a small area middle class a social class between the privileged nobility and the poor peasants. It typically comprised merchants and wealthier craftspeople. migrant a person who leaves their own country to go and live in another migration moving from one country to go and live in another missionary a person sent on a religious mission, especially one to promote Christianity in a foreign country moat water-filled defensive ditch surrounding a castle
monochrome varying tones of a single colour, usually black and grey monopoly an organisation or group that has complete control of something
mortgage loan a loan advanced to allow a person to buy a house or other property, with the property itself as security for the loan. This means the bank or other lender can take possession of the property if the borrower fails to make the regular payments. motte a mound upon which a castle was built musket a muzzle-loading gun with a long barrel national identity the parts of a society that make people feel like they belong, such as shared values or sense of identity needs goods or services that consumers consider necessary to maintain their standard of living negligence a situation where a person breaches a duty to exercise reasonable care to avoid a foreseeable risk, resulting in another person being injured or suffering a risk of injury NewWorld a term for the Americas during the early modern period (the 16th and 17th centuries) niche market a segment of buyers who have a unique need which is met by a business or seller who can supply products that satisfy that need. Buyers in a niche market may be looking for something different than the mainstream consumer. nobles rich and powerful landowners who held power over others through the feudal system Normandy now a French province, in the Middle Ages it was a dukedom in northern France nuisance interference with someone’s enjoyment of public or private property nun member of a closed community of women living under religious vows and rules oath breaker someone who goes back on their word operating expenses are those costs which are encountered to run the business (such as wages, gas, electricity)
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