The TOEFL iBT Official Prep Book (Volume I)

Directions: • Read the excerpts and underline the organizational and connecting words. • Below each excerpt, write a note to capture the relationship between ideas. • The first one is done for you.

a. As you’ll recall, an adaptation is any feature—uh, physical or behavioral feature—of a species that helps it survive and reproduce. And in adapting to extreme climates—like Maine in the wintertime—animals can evolve in pretty interesting ways . Take, for example, the snowshoe hare . Your note: anmls adapt to survive—ex. snowshoe hare b. Now, another advantage related to this is that, unlike many animals in winter, snowshoe hares can stay lean and lightweight—they accumulate essentially no body fat. Can anyone guess why this is so? Your note: c. The Romantics looked at folktales as sort of a reflection of the soul of the people, so there was something distinctly Norwegian in folktales from Norway. And there was renewed pride in the literature and art forms of individual countries . As a result, the first collection of Norwegian folktales was published in 1852 . And there’ve been many new editions published since then. For the people of Norway, these stories are now an important part of what it means to be Norwegian. Your note: d . All right, so now we’ve talked about folk legends, and seen that they’re, that one of their key features is, there’s usually some real history behind them . They’re often about real people . So you can identify with the characters . And that’s what engages us in them . The particular stories might not be true, and some of the characters or events might be made up, but there’s still a sense that the story could have been true, since it’s about a real person. That’s a distinct contrast from the other main branch of popular storytelling, which is folktales . Your note: e . First a panel of professors reviews the applications for the grant, and then they decide on which research projects should be funded. The allotted money can be used for travel expenses—to attend a conference, for example—or for things like supplies, research equipment… resources that are necessary to conduct the research . Your note: Activity 5.3: Taking Notes and Predicting Questions As you take notes, the organizational and connecting words will help you understand important relationships between ideas. You might even be able to predict some of the test questions. Directions: • Listen to the conversation and take notes . Scan the QR code to listen to the audio track . • Use your notes to write two questions about the conversation that might appear on the test .

Question 1:

Question 2:

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