2025 Essential Annual Report

ESSENTIAL UTILITIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued) (In thousands of dollars, except per share amounts)

OVERVIEW

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes included in this Annual Report. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates, and projections about our business, operations, and financial performance. All dollar amounts are in thousands of dollars, except per share amounts.

The Company

Essential Utilities, Inc., (Essential Utilities, the Company, we, us, or our), a Pennsylvania corporation, is the holding company for regulated utilities providing water, wastewater, or natural gas services to an estimated 5.5 million people in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Texas, Illinois, North Carolina, New Jersey, Indiana, Virginia, and Kentucky under the Aqua and Peoples brands. One of our largest operating subsidiaries, Aqua Pennsylvania, Inc. (Aqua Pennsylvania), provides water or wastewater services to approximately one-half of the total number of water or wastewater customers we serve. These customers are located in the suburban areas in counties north and west of the City of Philadelphia and in 28 other counties in Pennsylvania. Our other regulated water or wastewater utility subsidiaries provide similar services in seven additional states. Our Peoples subsidiaries provide natural gas service to approximately 747,000 customers in western Pennsylvania and Kentucky. Approximately 95% of the total number of natural gas utility customers we serve are in western Pennsylvania. Lastly, the Company’s market-based activities are conducted through Aqua Resources, Inc. and certain other non-regulated subsidiaries of Peoples. Aqua Resources offers, through a third-party, water and sewer service line protection solutions and repair services to households. Other non-regulated subsidiaries of Peoples provide utility service line protection services to households and operate gas marketing and production businesses.

Recent Developments

Execution of Agreement and Plan of Merger with American Water On October 26, 2025, American Water Works Company, Inc. (“American Water”), Alpha Merger Sub, Inc., a direct wholly owned subsidiary of American Water (“Merger Sub”), and the Company, entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”). The Merger Agreement provides that upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub will merge with and into the Company (the “Merger”), with the Company surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of American Water. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, at the time at which the Merger becomes effective (the “Effective Time”), each share of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.50 per share (“Essential Common Stock”), issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, other than any shares of Essential Common Stock owned by American Water or Merger Sub or by the Company as treasury stock (in each case, other than restricted shares), will be converted into the right to receive 0.305 shares of validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of American Water (“American Water Common Stock”) (the aggregate number of such shares of American Water Common Stock to be issued in the Merger). On February 10, 2026, at the respective special shareholder meetings of the Company and American Water, each company’s shareholders approved the merger-related proposals, satisfying certain of the conditions to closing. Consummation of the Merger is subject to certain remaining customary conditions, including the receipt of certain governmental approvals, including (a) the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the Hart- Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, and (b) the approval of certain public utility commissions, in each case on such terms and conditions that would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a “Burdensome Effect” (as defined in the Merger Agreement). There can be no guarantee that all of the remaining closing conditions and approvals will be satisfied, and the failure to complete the proposed Merger on a timely basis or at all may adversely affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. The Company currently estimates that the closing of the proposed Merger will occur by the end of the first quarter of 2027.

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