Eye movements reference guide to refresh yourself on the different types of eye movements and the oculomotor muscles related to each type.
Eye Movements Reference Guide
Pursuits Pursuits are voluntary eye movements used to track moving objects. Possible Symptoms and Risks Poor pursuits can result in sensory disturbances, misjudging the speed of moving objects, and left and right field of view differences.
Related Training RightEye Trainer, Bubble Blast
Related Brain Areas Cerebellum, Parietal Lobe
Saccades Saccades are voluntary eye movements used to quickly look from one object to another. Possible Symptoms and Risks Symptoms of poor saccades include hypo- and hypermetria (under and overshooting) and can result in fatigue, slow reaction and processing, multi- tasking issues, brain fog, reading difficulties, and emotional liability. Related Training RightEye Trainer, Cosmos Combat, Space Storm, Maze Master, Bubble Blast
Related Brain Areas Cerebellum, Brain Stem, Frontal Lobe
Eye Movements Reference Guide
Fixation Fixation is measured as the ability to maintain focus on a still object. Possible Symptoms and Risks Poor fixation ability can result in motion sensitivity, disorientation, nervousness, anxiousness, sleep disturbances, fatigue, falling, and impaired hand-eye coordination.
Related Brain Areas Neural Integrator, Brain Stem
Related Training RightEye Trainer
Oculomotor Muscles There are six muscles surrounding each eye that are responsible for eye movements:
• Superior Rectus • Inferior Rectus • Medial Rectus • Lateral Rectus • Inferior Oblique • Superior Oblique
Related Cranial Nerves III, IV
Imbalance of these muscles can result in eye movement issues and may be identified on pursuit tests.
Pursuit Pattern
Oculomotor Muscles Involved
Occurrence
Typical Symptoms
Possible Risks
V Pattern
V Pattern occurs when the eyes move outward when looking up, and inward when looking down.
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
Overactive inferior oblique and/or underactive superior rectus (both eyes)
Y Pattern
Y Pattern occurs when the eyes move outward when looking up.
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
Overactive inferior oblique and/or underactive superior rectus (both eyes)
A Pattern
A Pattern occurs when the eyes move outward when looking down.
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
Overactive superior oblique and/or underactive medial or inferior rectus (both eyes)
Pursuit Pattern
Oculomotor Muscles Involved
Occurrence
Typical Symptoms
Possible Risks
X Pattern
Nausea/vomiting, dizziness, binocular vision issues, headaches, eye fatigue, neck stiffness or pain, balance issues, mobility issues, anxiety.
Motion sickness in vehicles, activities of daily living, reduced neck motion, cervical generative headaches.
X Pattern occurs when the eyes move outward when looking up and down.
Overactive or underactive lateral rectus (both eyes)
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration, reading issues (e.g., dyslexia).
Diamond Pattern
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues.
Both eyes move inward when looking up and down.
Overactive or underactive medial rectus (both eyes)
Monocular Y Pattern (Right)
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues. Symptoms may be subtle as only one eye is being affected.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
The right eye moves outward when looking up.
Overactive inferior oblique and/or underactive superior rectus (right), no imbalance (left)
Pursuit Pattern
Oculomotor Muscles Involved
Occurrence
Typical Symptoms
Possible Risks
Monocular Y Pattern (Left)
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues. Symptoms may be subtle as only one eye is being affected. Nausea/ vomiting, dizziness, binocular vision issues, headaches, eye fatigue, neck stiffness or pain, balance issues, mobility issues, anxiety. Symptoms may be subtle as only one eye is being affected. Nausea/ vomiting, dizziness, binocular vision issues, headaches, eye fatigue, neck stiffness or pain, balance issues, mobility issues, anxiety. Symptoms may be subtle as only one eye is being affected.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
The left eye moves outward when looking up.
No imbalance (right), overactive inferior oblique and/or underactive superior rectus (left)
Monocular X Pattern (Right)
The right eye moves outward when looking up and down.
Motion sickness, reduced neck motion, cervical
Overactive or underactive lateral rectus (right), no imbalance (left)
generative headaches
Monocular X Pattern (left)
The left eye moves outward when looking up and down.
Motion sickness, reduced neck motion, cervical
No imbalance (right), overactive or underactive lateral rectus (left)
generative headaches
Pursuit Pattern
Oculomotor Muscles Involved
Occurrence
Typical Symptoms
Possible Risks
Lambda Pattern
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
Both eyes move outward when looking down.
Overactive superior oblique (both eyes)
Lambda Pattern (Right)
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
The right eye moves outward when looking down.
Overactive superior oblique (right), no imbalance (left)
Lambda Pattern (Left)
Headaches, eye fatigue, sleep disturbances, dizziness, light and sound sensitivity, binocular vision issues.
Falling, driving at night, low energy and fatigue, impaired focus, and concentration.
The left eye moves outward when looking down.
No imbalance (right), Overactive superior oblique (left)
Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6Made with FlippingBook - Online magazine maker