A Legal Guide to PRIVACY AND DATA SECURITY 2026

Privacy Act of 1974, 5 U.S.C. § 552a covers personal information maintained in government record systems. Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20 U.S.C. §§ 1221-1232 covers privacy of school records. Right to Financial Privacy Act of 1978, 12 U.S.C. §§ 3401-3422 subpoena or search warrant required for law enforcement to obtain financial records. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1801-1811 covers foreign intelligence gathering within the USA. Privacy Protection Act of 1980, 42 U.S.C. § 2000 restricts government right to search and obtain work product of press and media. Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984, 47 U.S.C. § 551 requires privacy protection for records maintained by cable companies. Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988, 5 U.S.C. § 552a covers automated government investigations comparing computer files. Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988, 29 U.S.C. §§ 2001-2009 covers use of polygraphs by employers. Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994, Pub. L. No. 103-414 requires telecommunications providers to facilitate government interceptions of communications for surveillance purposes. Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, Pub. L. No. 104-193 requires collection of personal information of all persons who obtain a new job for use in a database to help government officials track down parents delinquent in child support payments.

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