VETTECH U 2024 / HOUSTON, TX
FROM ADMISSION TO RECOVERY: NAVIGATING THE HOSPITALIZED PATIENT WALTER L. BROWN, RVTg VTS (ECC)
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SATURDAY AM • SEPTEMBER 21 8:15 – 9:15 AM
Effective patient management is crucial for successfully treating and recovering hospitalized animals in veterinary medicine. This paper explores the various aspects of patient management in veterinary hospitals, emphasizing essential protocols and practices for optimal outcomes. It underscores the significance of integrated patient management strategies encompassing medical treatment and the patients' environmental and psychological needs. PATIENT ASSESSMENT & TRIAGE The initial assessment and triage of veterinary patients are crucial in determining the urgency and type of care required. Rapid assessment techniques are used to identify life-threatening conditions and initiate appropriate interventions. The primary survey focuses on the ABCs: Airway, Breathing, and Circulation, while the secondary survey involves a detailed physical examination to identify any additional injuries or abnormalities. Triage categorizes patients based on the severity of their condition and the immediacy of required care. 1. Immediate: Patients needing urgent care to prevent death or severe deterioration. 2. Urgent: Patients requiring prompt attention but are not in immediate danger. 3. Delayed: Patients with stable conditions that allow for a brief delay in treatment. 4. Non-urgent: Patients with minor issues that do not require immediate intervention. Proper triage ensures that resources are allocated efficiently, prioritizing those in critical need while still attending to all patients appropriately.
decisions. Setting clear expectations about the pet’s condition, potential outcomes, and the next steps in the treatment plan is equally essential. Transparent and empathetic communication helps build trust and ensures that owners are well informed and prepared for their pets’ care. STABILIZATION & IMMEDIATE INTERVENTION Stabilization and immediate intervention are critical for veterinary patients needing medical attention. Fluid therapy is a cornerstone of stabilization, addressing dehydration and shock, and maintaining adequate circulation. There are two primary types of fluids used: crystalloids and colloids. Crystalloids, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution, are typically used for volume expansion and hydration. Colloids, like hetastarch or plasma, are used for patients requiring more substantial volume support due to their ability to stay within the vascular space longer. Calculating the shock dose, typically 80-90 mL/kg for crystalloids in dogs and 40-60 mL/ kg for cats, is essential to ensure appropriate fluid resuscitation. Monitoring and adjusting fluid therapy based on the patient’s response is vital to prevent complications such as fluid overload. Pain management is crucial for immediate intervention. Standardized pain assessment scales like the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (canine) (feline) or the Colorado State University Pain Scale allow for appropriate intervention. Pharmacologic options include NSAIDs, opioids, and local anesthetics. Tailoring pain management to individual needs improves comfort, aids recovery, and reduces stress-related complications. Oxygen therapy is often needed for respiratory distress or hypoxia. Delivery methods include nasal cannulas, oxygen cages, or mechanical ventilation. Continuous oxygenation monitoring ensures adequate support and guides therapy adjustments for better outcomes.
Effective communication with pet owners is crucial for the initial assessment and triage. Gathering a concise and accurate history from the owner is essential for informed diagnostic and treatment
SEPTEMBER 20-22, 2024 | PROCEEDINGS | VETGIRLONTHERUN.COM
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