Textile Encyclopaedia – fabrics and materials from A-Z
3-in-1 jackets jacket consisting of two components that can either be worn individually or together, e.g. removable fleece, jackets oers the opportunity to wear fleece and jacket individually or together (3 possibilities to wear). acrylic synthetic fibre similar to wool, characteristics: light-resistant, easy care, warming, high bulkiness, weather- and shape resistance, quick drying
down jackets have to be filled with down from duck or goose, characteristics: light weight, breathable, high isolation, great elasticity (unfold quickly to their original size aer unpacking), winter jackets consist oen of a mixture of 90% down and 10% feathers, feathers are important for an optimal isolation and enable the right unfolding of the jackets that wouldn´t be possible with a filling made of 100% down drill fabric in body weave, oen in combination with cotton (cotton drill) or linen, characteristics: tear-resistant, extremely dense, hard-wearing, long-lasting DuPont™ Sorona® Sorona® is a functional fiber made from renewable vegetable resources by the chemical company DuPontTM, greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption are significantly lower in production than with conventional products, characteristics: so, robust, breathable and quick-drying fabric with good thermal performance elastane synthetic fibre used in small quantities for a better elasticity and form stability, oen used in cus (e.g. on the neckline and sleeves) enzyme washed fabrics are treated with enzymes for various reasons, oen aiming for a so feel and a smooth surface, sometimes small tears are deliberately created in the fabric to make clothing look worn (used look) felt non-woven fabric, fibres get connected through a chemical, thermic or mechanical process, originally made from wool, also produced in various natural and synthetic fibres, characteristics: high density, elastic with pressure, slightly stretchable, resistant, high isolation fil-à-fil fabric with a diamond-like appearance, colour change in warp or we ensures a special two-tone look, which is referred to as the speckle eect, characteristics: hard-wearing and easy to iron f leece brushed velour fabric, usually made of polyester, the loops of this knitwear are cut open and roughened, so and velvet touch, comfortable on the skin, high isolation at low weight, water repellent
jute bast fibre, made from the stems of jute plant, coarse fibre, characteristics: tear resistant, suitable for dying, high firmness at stretching, specific smell
kent collar elegant, classical, pointed, short collar - suitable for almost all tie knots and -shapes, also suitable for bow ties
knitted fleece knitted out- and brushed inside give the fleece an exceptional visual characteristic and a good isolation
antipilling special treatment to reduce pilling and felting
Lycra® registered trademark, elastane fibre
antibacterial special treatment to avoid the proliferation of bacteria and fungus, reduces odour
mercerized cotton Mercerization is a refinement process to make fibers more tear-resistant and give them a shiny look, mercerized cotton can be colored more evenly, shrinks less, hardly creases and has a particularly so touch
Bionic-Finish® Eco water and dirt repellent impregnation, also known as DWR (durable water repellent) treatment, made from biodegradable ingredients, environmentally friendly and PFC- free, characteristics: washable, abrasion-resistant
mesh material with coarse structure for more breathability, oen used for linings or insets
brushed cotton loose fibres are errected through a bruhsing process, enables a so and velvet surface
microfleece short cut fleece material, lighter, finer and more compact than regular fleece
brushed inside sweaters are roughened inside aer knitting to obtain the so and warming fleece lining
mottled yarn using yarns with dierent thickness creates this eect
button-down collar collar points are fixed with buttons, sporty look, mostly used for leisure wear worn without a tie
neck tape fabric tape between body and collar for comfortable wearing, shoulder-to-shoulder necktape is a characteristic of quality and improves dimensional stability and stabilisation of the seams, oen with herringbone pattern new kent collar an elegant mix of kent and cutaway collar, not as wide as the cutaway, not as pointed as the classical kent collar, suitable for all tie knots organic cotton has certifications such as GOTS and OCS, in-conversion cotton supports farmers in switching from conventional to organic cotton, during the conversion all ecological standards are already observed, it usually takes 3 years to receive an organic certification oxford plain-weave fabric, two-tone appearance because of the use of one white and one coloured yarn, durable and so fabric that is warming on cool days, mostly used for leisure wear and oen in combination with a button-down collar padded jackets quilted parts guarantee an even filling, filling can exist of various materials, padded jackets with down filling are called down jackets panels fabric elements of caps are called panels, most caps consist of 5 or 6 panels, 5 panel caps are better suitable for decoration on the front (no stitching at the front) pima cotton high quality due to long fibres, harvesting by hand and optimal growing conditions in Peru, characteristics: extra so, light shine, extremely durable
cap closures metal clip closure, hook and loop fastener (Velcro®, Rip- StripTM), buckle (tri-glide buckle), press stud (click&snap closure, snap back, pvc closure), Flexfit®
chino cotton (cotton-twill) twill weave fabric, pattern of diagonal parallel ribs
collar bones are added to the collar to prevent the collar points from rolling up, collar bones can be fixed or removable and can be made of dierent materials (plastic is the most commonly used material) combed cotton the cotton is parallelized before spinning and short fibres are removed, as a result, the spun yarn is finer, stronger and has a smoother surface, less pilling Cordura® trademark, fabric made from polyamide, characteristics: rougher, better tear-resistant and more textured than regular nylon, water repellent and fast drying
fleece with smooth surface perfect for decoration because of the smooth outside, brushed only inside
french terry not brushed inside, sweater is less so and warm, less pilling
heather/melange using yarns with dierent colours and materials creates this e ect
cotton natural fibre, high moisture absorption, pleasant touch, good colourability
herringbone twill fabric, distinctive V-shaped weaving pattern, reminding of a fish skeleton, easy to iron, tough and densely woven fabric, oen used for casual business outfits hybrid jackets made of mixed material, that provide dierent characteristics, for example on body and arms, for example wind proof and breathable materials are combined
cutaway collar also called Italian collar, widely-spaced collar points, depending on the distance between the collar wings it is suitable for smaller or larger tie knots decorative seams are oen conspicuous and are intended to decorate the garment in a targeted manner, some examples are piping, lap, quilting or edge seams, certain areas are contoured or made more conspicuous through decorative stitching, decorative stitching can only decorate or have an additional function, decorative seams can be distinguished by stitch type, stitch length and thread color
piqué granular surface, raised parallel cords or geometric designs in the fabric are characteristic
interlock very compact surface, high quality, durable, elastic fabric with good washing results, inside and outside look the same
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