Za razliku od hrišćana, koji Božić slave po gregorijanskom kalendaru 25. decembra, pravoslavni vernici rođenje Isusa Hrista po julijanskom kalendaru praznuju 7. januara
Unlike other Christians, who celebrate Christmas on 25 th December, according to the Gregorian calendar, Orthodox believers celebrate the birth of Jesus Christ on 7 th January, according to the Julian calendar
BADNJI DAN Christmas day
6. JANUAR / 6 TH JANUARY
Svake Badnje večeri se ispred crkava širom Srbije okupljaju ljudi da učestvuju u ritualu paljenja badnjaka People gather in front of Churches throughout Serbia on Christmas Eve to participate in the ritual of burning the Badnjak Yule oak
VELIČANSTVENI HRAST I NJEGOVE ISKRE Po hrišćanskim shvatanjima, badnjak je simbol drveta koje su pastiri doneli u Vitlejemsku pećinu. U njoj je rođen Isus, a grane je Josif založio da ugreje njega i Bogorodicu Mariju. S druge strane, etnolozi i antropolozi podsećaju na to da je poštovanje svetog drveta mnogo starije. Odnosno, da se samo nadovezuje na prastare staroslovenske običaje povezane sa poštovanjem kulta sunca, kada se božanstvo, otelotvoreno u liku hrasta, spaljuje u krugu ognjišta da bi
THE MAJESTIC OAK AND HIS SPARKS
According to Orthodox Christian concepts, the Badnjak yule oak symbolises the tree that shepherds brought to the Bethlehem cave stable where Jesus was born and Joseph burned the branches to warm the newborn Christ and the Virgin Mary. Alternatively, ethnologists and anthropologists note that respect for this sacred tree is a much older tradition and that the Christian custom is only an extension of ancient Slavic customs linked to the cult of the sun, when the divine, embodied in the form of an oak, was burned in the circular hearth in order to be reborn
iz vatre ponovo oživelo. Tako i spaljivanje svetog hrasta badnjaka usred zime, doba kad priroda prividno umire, nije čin uništenja, već nagoveštaj ponovnog rođenja sveta koji najavljuju duše svetih predaka. Badnji dan počinje kada domaćin s najstarijim sinom odlazi da na ritualni način odseče mlado hrastovo drvo, ali se badnjak ne unosi u kuću pre večeri. Nakon što izabere odgovarajuće drvo, domaćin se okrene ka istoku, prekrsti se i pomoli Bogu, uzme sekiru i iz trećeg puta odseče badnjak. Običaj je da ga u dom unese uveče, uz reči: „Srećno vam
out of the fire. Similarly, the burning of the holy Badnjak Yule Oak in midwinter, during the period when nature seemingly dies, is not an act of destruction, rather an indicator of the rebirth of the world that’s announced by the souls of holy ancestors. Christmas Eve morning begins when the head of the household and his eldest son head outside to ritually cut down a young oak tree, but the Badnjak isn’t brought into the house until the evening. After selecting a suitable tree, the head of the household turns eastwards, crosses himself and prays to God, takes an axe and fells the oak with three strokes. It is customary to carry it into the home with the words “Happy Christmas Eve to you all”, while
Vrsta hrasta poznata kao cer najčešće se koristi za badnjak / The Quercus cerris, known as the cer, is most often used for Badnjak
Badnje veče“, pritom kvačući kao kvočka, dok ga domaćica, praćena decom, koja pijuču kao pilići, zasipa žitom, novčićima i voćem iz sita. Nakon večere se celiva i pali na ognjištu kao jedinstveni simbol ognja koji će roditi novo, večno svetlo. Deca džaraju zapaljen badnjak kako bi se formiralo što više iskrica, koje simbolizuju dobro zdravlje, veliko potomstvo, dobar rod i svako drugo blagostanje.
clucking like a hen, and in the meantime the lady of the house scatters grains, coins and fruit from a sieve, accompanied by the children, who tweet like chicks. After dinner, it is kissed and burned in the fireplace as a unique symbol of fire that will give birth to a new, eternal light. The children briskly shake the burning Badnjak in order to form as many sparks as possible, which symbolise good health, many descendants, good crop yields and all other blessings.
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