Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive analysis of the factors surrounding Tufan Al-Aqsa led by Hamas on 7 October 2023, and the subsequent Israeli military response. It deeply examines the historical context, political dynamics and local and regional implications of the conflict in Gaza. In contrast to the fragmented perspectives and intertwined narratives often presented by some media and official discourses, which tend to isolate the events of 7 October from their historical context, this book provides deeper insights into the root causes and genuine motivations behind the escalation in Gaza. It draws on perspectives from experts, activists and political figures of diverse nationalities and intellectual backgrounds to present a clear understanding of the historical context, dynamics and consequences of this conflict, placing the ongoing war in Gaza within its proper historical framework. Contributors explore Hamas›s justifications for the attack, Israel›s response, and the positions of the international community. They also detail the worsening social and economic hardships resulting from Israel›s blockade of Gaza and the stalling of diplomatic efforts due to Israeli obstructionism and its preference for a “conflict management” approach rather than resolution. These factors have exacerbated the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, fuelling the tension and frustration that led to the escalation, without Israel succeeding in eliminating Hamas or breaking the resolve of the Gazans. The book’s chapters critically analyse civilian targeting and Israel›s use of genocidal warfare tactics in Gaza, alongside regional and international reactions and efforts toward international solidarity. Keywords: Tufan Al-Aqsa, Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Gaza blockade, Hamas, civilian targeting.
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