Carbon Footprint (Cont’d from Page 3)
• The biogenic emissions across the life cycle are 1,014kgCO2e per tonne of cartons — Biogenic emissions arising from the combus- tion of biofuels at the pulp and paper mills account for the majority of the biogenic emissions (79 per- cent). This is predominantly from the combustion of internally generated biofuels such as black li- quor, plus some small emissions from purchased biofuels. — Emissions from end-of-life processes account for just 18 percent of the Biogenic emissions. How- ever, it should be remembered that carton packag- ing achieves a high recycling rate. No end-of life emissions occur within the boundaries of the anal- ysis for the proportion of cartons that are recycled (although emissions will occur in the life cycles of subsequent products that are manufactured from the recovered fibres – the implications of this are investigated in the uncertainty analysis). • The emissions due to land-use (dLUC) are just 9kgCO2e per ton of cartons — The dLUC emissions mostly arise from the pro- duction of non-fibre inputs rather than inputs of fibres from the forest, reflecting the fact that the fibres used in cartonboard production are sourced from sustainably managed forests. Forests in Eu-
the mills, emissions arising from the production of non-fibre inputs at the mills (process chemicals and functional additives), emissions associated with the production of purchased fuels and emissions asso- ciated with production of purchased pulp. Emis- sions associated with the transport of raw materials (wood, paper for recycling, and non-fibre inputs) to the mill also contribute. — The unit process which together constitute the converting of cartonboard into cartons account for 18 percent of the total fossil GHG footprint. Of these unit processes, the most important con- tributing item is the emissions associated with the production of purchased electricity consumed at the converting process. Emissions associated with the production of other constituents of the cartons (inks, varnish, glues, etc) are also important, along with emissions arising from fuels consumed onsite for the print drying process and for space heating. — Emissions associated with the delivery of car- tonboard from the mill to the converter account for 5 percent of the total fossil GHG footprint. — Due to the credit received for avoided emissions arising from the energy recovery process, there is a net credit for the end-of-life processes (accounting for -9 percent of the total fossil GHG footprint).
(Cont’d on Page 7)
GOLD RISK FREE TRIAL BLADE LAST 5-10X LONGER THAN CARBON STEEL 856-461-9111 | sales@allisonblades.com
March 13, 2023 5
Made with FlippingBook interactive PDF creator