Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Good Health & Well-being (SDG 3)
Biological activities of Dialium ovoideum Thwaites: a potential source for enhancing health and well-being Chathurangani D. A. U. 1 , Udukala D. N. 1* and Gunaratna M. J. 2 1 Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, College of Chemical Sciences, Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka. 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. E-mail: dinusha@ichemc.edu.lk Dialium ovoideum Thwaites, commonly known as Gal Siyambala, is known for its significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiglycation activities, contributing to its potential health benefits by combating oxidative stress, inflammation, and glycation. This study investigates the biological activities of various parts of the plant, including the leaf, bark, seed, peel, and pulp, with a particular focus on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiglycation properties. The ethanol bark extract demonstrated the highest efficacy, showing a total phenolic content of 233.5±14.9 mg GAE/g and total flavonoid content of 205.3±12.5 mg QE/g. Antioxidant activity, as measured by the DPPH assay, showed an EC50 value of 68.5±6.3 µg/mL, comparable to ascorbic acid (32.0±2.1 µg/mL). Anti-inflammatory activity was measured using the HRBC stabilization assay, yielding an IC50 value of 425.6±9.2 µg/mL, significantly higher than aspirin (162.0±7.0 µg/mL). The antiglycation potential was determined through the bovine serum albumin assay, with an IC50 value of 1.5±0.6 mg/mL in contrast to quercetin (10.6±0.1 mg/mL). Correlation analysis indicated strong positive correlations between DPPH radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory (r=0.971, p=0.006, R²=0.943) as well as antiglycation activities (r=0.989, p=0.001, R²=0.979). The study supports the potential of D. ovoideum as a therapeutic agent for health improvement, highlighting its prospective applications in both pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Key words: Antiglycation activity, Anti-inflammatory activity, Antioxidant activity, Dialium ovoideum Thwaites References 1. Bulugahapitiya, V. P., Rathnaweera, T. N., & Manawadu, H. C. (2020). Phytochemical composition and anti-oxidant properties of Dialium ovoideum thwaites (Gal Siyambala) leaves. International Journal of Minor Fruits, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants., 6(1), 13–19. 2. Chaiyana, W., Charoensup, W., Sriyab, S., Punyoyai, C., & Neimkhum, W. (2021). Herbal Extracts as Potential Antioxidant, Anti-Aging, Anti-Inflammatory, and Whitening Cosmeceutical Ingredients. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 18(7). 3. Thrikawala, V. S., Deraniyagala, S. A., Fernando, C. D., & Udukala, D. N. (2018). In Vitro α-Amylase and Protein Glycation Inhibitory Activity of the Aqueous Extract of Flueggea leucopyrus Willd. Journal of Chemistry, 2018, 7.
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