Affordable and Clean Energy (SDG 7), Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12)
Enhancing perovskite solar cell efficiency and stability through fluorinated polymer additives Grace Dansoa Tabi * School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK E-mail: g.d.tabi@sheffield.ac.uk Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer a promising avenue for achieving affordable, clean energy (SDG 7) and fostering sustainable production (SDG 12). This study integrates the fluorinated polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TRFE)) additive into the hole transport layer (HTL) of 2,2’,7,7’-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9’-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD). This HTL material modification forms strong coordination bonds with 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) additives, mitigating TBP evaporation [1,2] , enhancing HTL film quality, and reducing recombination losses. These improvements lead to an increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 21.4% to 24.1% [3] . Stability is significantly enhanced, with unencapsulated P(VDF-TRFE)-integrated devices retaining >90% PCE after 45 days in ambient conditions and 94% after 1,080 hours of continuous light exposure. These advancements, combined with low-cost, solution-processed materials, demonstrate PSCs as a scalable, sustainable energy solution [4] . This research directly supports SDG 7 and 12 by advancing durable, efficient, and environmentally responsible renewable energy technologies.
Figure 1. (a) Current-voltage curves of control and target PSCs with an inset showing P(VDF-TRFE) bonding interactions in the HTL. Normalised PCE as a function of (b) ambient storage time and (c) operational stability. Inset (c) demonstrates enhanced HTL hydrophobicity with P(VDF-TRFE) via water droplet deposition images. Key words: Clean Energy, Fluorinated Polymer Additives, Perovskite Efficiency, Stability, Sustainable Production References 1. G. Ren, W. Han, Q. Zhang, Z. Li, Y. Deng, C. Liu, W. Guo, Nano-Micro Letter 14, 1-13, (2022). 2. Y. Han, G. Zhang, H. Xie, T. Kong, Y. Li, Y. Zhang, J. Song, D. Bi, Nano Energy 96, 107072, (2022). 3. G.D. Tabi, D.-T. Nguyen, W. Liang, W. Ji, T. Lu, T. Trân-Phú, et al., Chem. Eng. J. 482, 149062, (2024). 4. J. C. Blakesley, R. S. Bonilla, M. Freitag, A. M. Ganose, N. Gasparini, P. Kaienburg, et al., Journal of Physics: Energy, 6 (4), 041501 (2024).
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