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width. Additionally, thickness swelling was measured, following the UNE-EN 317 [26] standard specifications on eight specimens per sample, also with dimensions of 50 mm in length × 50 mm in width, which were immersed in water for 24 and 48 h. 2.5. Mechanical Properties Flexural stiffness and strength were evaluated following the UNE-EN 310 [27] stan- dard specifications, using 12 specimens per OSB sample with dimensions of 290 mm in length × 50 mm in width. The mode of failure was observed and classified according to the ASTM D143 [28] standard, which includes simple tension, cross-grain tension, splintering tension, brash tension, compression, and horizontal shear. Tensile strength was measured following the ASTM D3500 method A [29] stan- dard specifications, using six specimens per OSB sample with dimensions as specified in ASTM D3500, considering 12 mm. The internal bond strength (IB) was measured following the UNE-EN 319 [30] stan- dard specifications, using eight specimens per OSB sample with dimensions of 50 mm in length × 50 mm in width × 12 mm in thickness. Janka hardness was measured following the ASTM D1037 [31] standard specifications using six specimens with dimensions of 100 mm in length × 50 mm in width. The hardness of each specimen corresponds to the average of two measurements taken on each face. A universal testing machine, Instron EMIC 23-100, equipped with the software Blue- Hill v4.47, was used to perform the mechanical tests. 2.6. Thermal Properties Thermal conductivity was measured following the ASTM D5334 [32] standard specifi- cations using a Decagon KD2 PRO device, on six specimens per OSB sample in both flat- and edgewise positions, with dimensions of 100 mm in length × 50 mm in width. The results could be compared to the requirements established in the UNE-EN 13986:2006 + A1:2015 [33] standard, which specifies a thermal conductivity value ( λ : 0.13W/m · K) for an average density ( ρ : 650kg/m 3 ) for OSB panels. It also states that for different density values, thermal conductivity can be calculated by interpolation. 2.7. Evaluation of Formaldehyde Emissions Formaldehyde emissions were evaluated following the ASTM D6007 [34] standard specifications, using a dynamic microchamber (DMC), on three specimens per OSB sample with dimensions of 200 mm in length × 381 mm in width × 150 mm in thickness. The results obtained were compared to the requirements of the UNE-EN 13986:2006 + A1:2015 [33] standard, and the OSB samples were then classified according to their formaldehyde emissions levels. 2.8. Data Analysis Data analysis consisted of a one-way analysis of variance for each measured property, in which multiple range tests were performed to determine which means were significantly different from others. The method currently used to discriminate among the means is Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) at the 95% confidence level. The software used was Statgraphics Centurion 19, and the results of the data analysis are presented in each relevant table.
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