S9074-AQ-GIB-010/248 Rev 1
3-2.8 KEYHOLE WELDING. Keyhole welding is a technique in which a concentrated heat source penetrates completely through a workpiece, forming a hole at the leading edge of the weld pool. As the heat source progresses, the molten metal fills in behind the hole to form the weld bead. 3-2.9 LOCK WELD. Lock welds are generally in the form of small fillet welds intended to provide extra assurance that anchors, bolts, nuts, and pins remain threaded, fastened, or secured to a mating part. Welds that carry or transmit loads of mating parts, or that are seal welds, are not lock welds. 3-2.10 ORIFICE GAS (PLASMA ARC WELDING AND CUTTING). Orifice gas is the gas that is directed into the torch to surround the electrode. It becomes ionized in the arc to form the plasma, and issues from the orifice in the torch nozzle as the plasma jet. 3-2.11 OSCILLATION. Defining characteristics of oscillation include: a. Amplitude. Amplitude is the distance normal to the direction of welding between the outermost positions that the electrode tip reaches while oscillating. b. Dwell. Dwell is the time during which the electrode rests at any point in each oscillating swing or traverse. c. Frequency. Frequency is the number of complete cycles made by the oscillating head in 1 minute, or other specified time increment. 3-2.12 ROBOTIC WELDING. Robotic welding is a welding process performed with a controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator of three or more axes linked through a kinematic chain requiring occasional or no observation or operator parameter adjustment during welding. Robotic welding may be subcategorized as automatic robotic, requiring no operator intervention, or mechanized robotic, requiring occasional operator intervention, during an arc-on/arc-off welding cycle. 3-2.13 SEAL WELD. A seal weld is a weld provided for a fluid containment function only, as in a closure where strength is provided by a separate device. This definition does not apply to boiler, economizer, and superheater tube-to-header seal welds. 3-2.14 SOCKET WELD. Socket welds include, but are not limited to, MIL-STD-22, P-13, -14, -15, -16, -17, -42, and -80 joint design welds in pressure-containing piping.
3-2.15 SPECIAL WELDS. Special welds are welds involving: a. Base materials not covered in table 7-1 of this document. b. Filler materials not covered in table 7-2 of this document. c. Processes not specified in 4-4.3, 4-4.4, or table 7-3. d. For friction stir, also see A-2.1.24.
3-2.16 SURFACING. Surfacing is the application by welding, brazing, or thermal spraying of material layers to a surface to obtain desired properties or dimensions, as opposed to making a joint. (Also see definitions for build-up, buttering, cladding, and hardfacing.) 3-2.17 STANDARD WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION FOR NAVAL APPLICATIONS (SWPS-N). SWPS-Ns are an outgrowth of the coordinated work of the Welding Procedures Committee of the Welding Research Council, the American Welding Society (AWS) B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification, and a Task Group of this committee that included NAVSEA. SWPS-Ns are adaptations of existing AWS Standard Welding Procedure Specifications (SWPS) with modifications for specifying requirements of NAVSEA welding related documents. SWPSs were developed by AWS and the Welding Research Council by reviewing multiple welding procedure qualification records for a particular process, material, filler material, etc. A specific standard welding procedure was then prepared based on those qualification records with sufficiently narrow values and ranges of essential elements such that the procedure would not require qualification testing if used by a sufficiently skilled and knowledgeable activity.
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