Ketamine and depression
Adverse effects and future directions
Although traditional antidepressants are effective for many, they can sporadically lead to a variety of side effects, including gastrointestinal discomfort, shifts in weight, sexual dysfunction and, in specific circumstances, an intensification of depressive symptoms prior to eventual improvement. For instance, in Katinka Newman’s memoir The Pill That Steals Lives , 8 she was prescribed Lexapro due to her struggle going through a divorce. She had thoughts of violence and suicide, even having delusions of killing her own child. After she stopped taking the antidepressants, she claimed that ‘ it really was like waking up out of a coma ’ . 9 On the other hand, ketamine’s immediate side effects may consist of temporary disorientation, changes in perceptions and increased heart rate. Despite these effects generally fading shortly after treatment, they emphasize the critical importance of administering ketamine under vigilant medical supervision. Looking ahead, innovative approaches including digital therapeutics, neurostimulation techniques, and the development in personalized medicine, are bringing a profound change in the panorama of depression treatment. The scrutiny of adverse effects and the evolving trajectory of upcoming directions remain as essential cornerstones in the field of treating depression. With an unwavering commitment to ongoing research, refining processes, and fostering innovation, the future holds the potential for a more sophisticated strategy that accentuates individual well-being whilst aiming to achieve solutions that are more effective and easily attainable. As Professor Carmine Pariante says: ‘T here may be no such thing as the “ ultimate biological mechanism ” of depression; on the plus side, that gives us many more treatment options. ’ 10
Conclusion
The distinctive chemistry and mechanism of action of ketamine have ushered in new opportunities in the treatment of depression. In its role as a rapid-acting NMDA receptor antagonist and the modulator of the neurotransmitter balance, it holds substantial potential in mitigating depressive symptoms, especially in instances where standard treatments fall short. Although further research is imperative to fully understand the full range of its benefits and minimize potential risks, ketamine offers hope for those facing the challenges of depression.
8 Newman, K. (2016) The Pill That Steals Lives: One Woman’s Terrifying Journey to Discover the Truth about Antidepressants. 9 Whitaker, R. Antidepressants on trial: Are they a wonder or a danger? https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23130810-600-drug-stories-who-should-we-listen-to/. Consulted: 20/8/23. 10 Wilson, C. Fresh ideas about the causes of depression are bringing new treatments. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg25734220-100-fresh-ideas-about-the-causes-of-depression-are- bringing-new-treatments/. Consulted: 20/8/23.
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