Methods of generating iPSCs
Chris Ryder
Introduction to iPSCs
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) possess unique properties of self-renewal and differentiation to many types of cell lineage. iPSCs have many applications in the fields of gene therapy, disease modelling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. 1 iPSCs are of great value in studying the molecular mechanism of many diseases. They have been widely employed in various diseases for disease modelling and gene therapy. 2 iPSC-based stem cell therapy has become a very promising and advanced scientific research topic. 3 Comparing different methods in iPSC generation is valuable because the choice of reprogramming method and tissue of origin can impact the epigenetic memory of the iPSCs or their differentiated cells, which can influence their phenotype and transplantation outcome. By comparing different methods, researchers can determine the reprogramming efficiency, effectiveness and avoid integration in the host genome that could alter gene expression. Additionally, comparing different methods can help identify the most suitable method of generation for different applications. Some methods may be suitable for clinical use whereas others may only be safe enough for laboratory experiments.
In this dissertation I will:
a. assess the benefits and drawbacks of six different methods of generating iPSCs; b. compare them using a range of metrics; and c. conclude which methods are best for certain applications in different fields and suggest which the best method of iPSC generation is overall.
What iPSCs are
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cells that are derived from adult somatic cells. These cells have been reprogrammed by factors, inducing cells to be pluripotent. 4 Ectopic
1 Singh, V., Kalsan, M., Kumar, N., Saini, A., & Chandra, R. (2015). Induced pluripotent stem cells: applications in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 3 . 2 Chang, E.A., Jin, S., Nam, M., & Kim, S. (2019). Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells : Clinical Significance and Applications in Neurologic Diseases. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society, 62 , 493 - 501. 3 ‘ IPSC Application. ’ iPSC Application - Creative Biolabs. Accessed February 25, 2023. https://www.creative- biolabs.com/stem-cell-therapy/ipsc-application.htm. 4 Ye, L., Swingen, C., & Zhang, J. (2013). Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their Potential for Basic and Clinical Sciences. Current Cardiology Reviews, 9 , 63 - 72.
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