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Bishop 2014.
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Bishop SH, Herron RL, Ryan GA, Katica CP, Bishop PA. The Effect of Intermittent Arm and Shoulder Cooling on Baseball Pitching Velocity. J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Apr;30(4):1027-32.
Design: Experimental Study.
Subjects: 8 trained college-aged male baseball pitchers
Methods: Subjects threw 12 pitches (1 pitch every 20 s) per inning for 5 total innings during a simulated pitching start. Between each inning, pitchers received shoulder and arm cooling with ice bags or, on a separate occasion, no cooling.
Key message: Intermittent cryotherapy attenuated velocity decreases, decreased rate of perceived exertion, and facilitated subjective recovery during a 5-inning simulated game. This may assist in reducing overuse injuries and improving performance.
Outcomes included: Pitch speed, perceived exertion and perceived recovery.
Results:
• Mean pitching velocity for all-innings combined was 4% higher (p= 0.04) for shoulder and elbow cooling (31.2 m/s) than for no cooling (30.6 m/s). • Average pitch speed was significantly higher in the 4th (p = <0.01) and 5th (p = 0.02) innings in the arm cooling trial (31.3 m/s for both innings) compared to the no cooling trial (30.0 m/s and 30.4 m/s, for the 4th and 5th innings, respectively. • Arm cooling resulted in a significantly lower (35%) RPE (p ≤ 0.01) and improved PRS (p ≤ 0.01) compared to no cooling.
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