Inkjet-printed organic synaptic diodes based on mixed ionic-electronic conductors Fabian Gärisch 1 , Giovanni Ligorio 1 , Vincent R. F. Schröder 2 , Emil J. W. List-Kratochvil 1,2 1 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany 2 Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Germany
The creation of artificial neural networks requires efficient and reliable building blocks, functioning as neurons or synapses. Following a biomimetic approach, operating principles of the biological synapse can serve as an inspiration for these artificial synapses. Previously, devices which mimic the ion-mediated operation of the synapse were demonstrated. [1] Based on a well-established device – the light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) – these two-terminal organic synaptic diodes consist of a polymeric mixed ionic-electronic conductor intermixed with a lithium salt. There, the active layer is sandwiched between two electrodes in a stacked configuration. However, efficient LECs have also been fabricated in a planar configuration, where a small channel between two electrodes is covered by the active material. [2] Here, an organic synaptic device employing this planar configuration is demonstrated. With the fabrication of large device networks in mind, inkjet printing is chosen as a robust and scalable deposition method for the active material. While material consumption and waste are minimized when compared to conventional fabrication techniques, printed devices show comparable performance to those fabricated via spin-coating. Time- and bias-dependent behavior is observed, confirming similar functionality to previously demonstrated devices in stacked configuration. Neuromorphic functionality is further established by exploring frequency-dependent plasticity and paired-pulse facilitation. References 1. F. Gärisch, G. Ligorio, P. Klein, M. Forster, U. Scherf, E. J. W. List-Kratochvil, "Organic Synaptic Diodes Based on Polymeric Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductors", Adv. Electron. Mater. , 2021 . 2. R. D. Costa, Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells , Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland 2017 .
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