Im pact Analysis This section of the study focuses on estimating the comprehensive impact of the Indian Gaming Industry, encompassing the expenditures of its employees, purchasing activities, and Tribal Government transfer payments within the states where their casinos and reservations are situated. The economic impact analysis involves assessing not only the direct inputs such as jobs, payroll, revenue, and capital expansion but also measuring the indirect and induced impacts that occur within the studied area.
EMPLOYMENT GAINS In 2023, the Indian Gaming Industry generated a total of 670,158 jobs. When examining job creation, we typically categorize these positions into three groups: Direct Employment, Indirect Employment, and Induced Employment. Direct employment primarily comprises individuals hired or contracted directly by the enterprise, including both full-time and part-time employees as well as contractors. These figures are often expressed as Full-Time Equivalents (FTEs). Indirect employment encompasses jobs supported by the provision of business services and purchases of products. Examples include procurement of food for restaurants, maintenance services for facilities, acquisition of hardware or software, gaming supplies, and other goods and services. Induced employment refers to jobs that arise to support the needs of local establishments such as restaurants, gas stations, hotels, banks, grocery stores, computer stores, and other service and product providers. These jobs are sustained by the spending of direct and indirect employees, contractors, customers, and visitors. The Indian Gaming Industry fosters job creation at multiple levels. Firstly, employment opportunities arise within its 516 casinos, ancillary facilities, and other tribal government departments. Secondly, a second wave of job creation occurs as Indian Gaming employees inject their income into the economy through expenditure on goods and services. Lastly, a third tier of employment emerges when Indian Gaming Operations, ancillary facilities, and
Tribal Governments engage in purchases of goods and services within the broader economy and undertake capital improvements. AREAS OF EMPLOYMENT GAINS Within the Indian Gaming Industry, a total of 272,610 full- time workers are employed. In 2023, the wages disbursed to these employees amounted to $8,413,295,485. Furthermore, the expenditure of disposable incomes by employees of both casinos and ancillary businesses resulted in the creation of an additional 38,597 jobs across local, regional, and national economies, bringing the total job creation for the first and second tiers to 311,207. In 2021, Indian gaming facilities and their ancillary businesses collectively spent $16,627,392,325 on goods and services. This substantial expenditure led to the creation of an additional 153,475 jobs. Moreover, the Indian Gaming Industry embarked on capital spending projects totaling $2,232,690,989, which in turn generated another 19,912 jobs. In a significant contribution to Tribal Governments, Indian casinos transferred $20,815,882,872 for program spending and investments. This transfer facilitated the creation of an additional 185,512 jobs. Overall, as a crucial job generator within the United States economy, Indian gaming industry contributes to a total of 670,106 direct and indirect jobs. Despite the maturation of Tribal gaming since the passage of the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act in 1988, it continues to foster growth and maintain stable employment levels across all facilities throughout the United States.
26 INDIAN GAMING - ANNUAL REPORT 2024
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