i. harm to the school employee’s or student’s physical or emotional well-being; or ii. damage to the school employee’s or student’s property. d. creating a hostile, threatening, humiliating, or abusive educational environment due to: i. the pervasiveness, persistence, or severity of the actions; or ii. a power differential between the bully and the target; or e. substantially interfering with a student having a safe school environment that is necessary to facilitate educational performance, opportunities, or benefits. Utah Code § 53G-9-601(2) (2019) 10. “Communication” means the conveyance of a message, whether verbal, written, or electronic. Utah Code § 53G-9-601(3) (2019) 11. “Cyber-Bullying” means: a. a. Using the Internet, a cell phone, or another device to send or post text, video, or an image with the intent or knowledge, or with reckless disregard, that the text, video, or image will hurt, embarrass, or threaten an individual, regardless of whether the individual directed, consented to, or acquiesced in the conduct, or voluntarily accessed the electronic communication. b. b. In addition, any communication of this form that is generated off-campus but causes or threatens to cause a material and substantial disruption at school or interference with the rights of students to be secure may also be considered cyber-bullying. Utah Code § 53G-9-601(4) (2019) 12. "Hazing" means a school employee or student intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly committing an act that: a. meets one of the following: i. endangers the mental or physical health or safety of a school employee or student; or ii. involves any brutality of a physical nature, including whipping, beating, branding, calisthenics, bruising, electric shocking, placing of a harmful substance on the body, or exposure to the elements; iii. involves consumption of any food, alcoholic product, drug, or other substance or other physical activity that endangers the mental or physical health and safety of a school employee or student; or iv. involves any activity that would subject a school employee or student to extreme mental stress, such as sleep deprivation, extended isolation from social contact, or conduct that subjects a school employee or student to extreme embarrassment, shame, or humiliation; and either; b. is committed for the purpose of initiation into, admission into, affiliation with, holding office in, or as a condition for membership in any school or school sponsored team, organization, program, club, or event; or
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