used for decision making. A database is an organized collection of related data. Relational databases are the most widely used type of database, where data is structured into tables and all tables must be related to each other through unique identifiers. A database management system (DBMS) is a software application that is used to create and manage databases, and can take the form of a personal DBMS, used by one person, or an enterprise DBMS that can be used by multiple users. A data warehouse is a special form of database that takes data from other databases in an enterprise and organizes it for analysis. Data mining is the process of looking for patterns and relationships in large data sets. Many businesses use databases, data warehouses, and data-mining techniques in order to produce business intelligence and gain a competitive advantage.
Study Questions
1. What is the difference between data, information, and knowledge? 2. Explain in your own words how the data component relates to the hardware and software components of information systems. 3. What is the difference between quantitative data and qualitative data? In what situations could the number 42 be considered qualitative data? 4. What are the characteristics of a relational database? 5. When would using a personal DBMS make sense? 6. What is the difference between a spreadsheet and a database? List three differences between them. 7. Describe what the term normalization means. 8. Why is it important to define the data type of a field when Information Systems for Business and Beyond (2019) pg. 86
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