• CC-BY . This is the least restrictive license. It lets others distribute and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as they give the author credit for the original work. • CC-BY-SA . This license restricts the distribution of the work via the “share-alike” clause. This means that others can freely distribute and build upon the work, but they must give credit to the original author and they must share using the same Creative Commons license. • CC-BY-NC . This license is the same as CC-BY but adds the restriction that no one can make money with this work. NC stands for “non-commercial.” • CC-BY-NC-ND . This license is the same as CC-BY-NC but
also adds the ND restriction, which means that no derivative works may be made from the original.
These are a few of the more common licenses that can be created using the tools that Creative Commons makes available. For a full listing of the licenses and to learn much more about Creative Commons, visit their web site.
Patent Patents are another important form of intellectual property protection. A patent creates protection for someone who invents a new product or process. The definition of invention is quite broad and covers many different fields. Here are some examples of items receiving patents: • circuit designs in semiconductors; Information Systems for Business and Beyond (2019) pg. 265
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