ArborTIMES™ is a digital publication for the tree care industry that delivers tree care business, safety, and equipment news.
Issue 10 | Winter 2025 arbortimes.org
Tree Care Business, Safety, and Equipment News
Surviving the Storm
Buyer’s Guide: Skid Steers and Track Loaders Danger Series: Hearing Loss Specialization vs. Diversification Sharper Tools, Smarter Business
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EDITOR'S NOTE Putting in the Elbow Grease
Starting a new year can be a bit like starting a cold chain- saw — it takes extra effort and determination to get it roaring, especially after a period of rest. The metaphor might seem a bit cheesy, but it fits. After the slower pace of the holidays, it can be chal- lenging to jumpstart new initiatives and adjust your company’s priorities — especially when the busy sea- son is still a few months away. However, this time of year offers unique opportunities to tackle tasks and ideas that are often overshadowed by the
On the cover: A tree worker utilizes a skid steer to remove heavy
logs from a work zone. Source: Richard May
ISSUE 10, WINTER 2025
Amy Kent, Editor
PUBLISHER Sachin Mohan: mohan@arbortimes.org EDITOR Amy Kent: editor@arbortimes.org ASSOCIATE EDITOR Mara Watts: mara@arbortimes.org ART/TECH DIRECTOR Richard May: info@arbortimes.org SAFETY AND TRAINING ADVISORS Jared Abrojena Bob Lehman Korey Conry Ken Palmer Aaron Dickinson SENIOR ADVISORS Dane Buell Mark Garvin
demands of spring and summer. This might leave more time around the office, meaning you can direct your attentions on strengthening team bonds and even gaining new skills. Whether it’s refreshing your company’s mission statement, fo- cusing on team-building efforts, or attending educational events, winter can be a season of growth and preparation. One way to energize your team for the year ahead is by generating excitement for ArborEXPO™ 2025 . This year’s event promises not only an impressive lineup of speakers and exhibitors but also the debut of ArborSPORTS™ and ArborAWARDS™ — two dynamic new additions designed to challenge and cele- brate the best of the tree care industry. Our centerfold story, featuring Ed Carpenter of North American Training Solutions (NATS), dives into all the exciting details. Our centerfold story, featuring Ed Carpenter of North American Training Solutions (NATS), dives into all the exciting details of the new sporting event, including the addition of the NATS Skills Arena and SafeTree™ Simulators. This feature also details the six unique categories of ArborAWARDS™, including the Lifetime Achievement which is dedicated to Robert Bartlett Jr. and honors arborists that are changing the trajectory of the tree care industry. On the theme of forward-thinking, this issue also includes a timely feature story on winter weather preparedness for both your team and the trees. Our Danger Series explores the critical topic of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and the long- term risks associated with loud machinery. Meanwhile, industry experts provide insights into whether your company might benefit from narrowing its focus and finding a niche market. In our Sage Advice column, we highlight the inspiring story of Melissa LeVangie Ingersoll, her tips for instruction, and her go-to tools of the trade. Lastly, our Safety Tailgate addresses a seldom discussed but vital topic: protecting your team from the risk of dog bites when pets are present on client properties. Much like a cold chainsaw, the start of the year may require some patience and per- sistence to get things moving. But once the engine is humming, the work ahead be- comes smoother and more rewarding. Let this issue serve as a spark to rev up your motivation, refocus your priorities, and cut cleanly into the opportunities that lie ahead. Together, let’s make this year one for the books. Stay grounded, Amy Kent
PRODUCED BY EDGE AHEAD ASSOCIATES For editorial and advertising inquiries: 1 Store Hill Rd, PO BOX # 334 Old Westbury, NY 11568 Tel. (516) 399-2627 Email: mohan@arbortimes.org Web: arbortimes.org No part of this publication may be reproduced without written consent of the publisher. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, the publisher cannot be held responsible for any errors or omissions that may occur. All uncredited photography is either supplied or sourced from a stock image bank.
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ArborTIMES™ Winter 2025 | 3
Table of Contents
ISSUE 10, WINTER 2025
ArborTIMES™ is a fully digital publication for the tree care industry. It is produced by Edge Ahead Associates, creator of ArborEXPO™, the industry’s first indoor/outdoor tradeshow and conference for arborists and green industry professionals. We’re connecting with experts, business owners, master trainers, and more to identify top stories and educational opportunities to deliver right to your inbox on a quarterly basis.
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SURVIVING THE STORM By TJ Yurko Discover essential strategies for preparing trees and mitigating risks during harsh winter storms. Learn about tree risk assessments, best management practices, modern tools, and expert insights to protect trees, people, property, and businesses from seasonal challenges.
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GROUNDWORK MADE EASY By Jenny Cohen
Skid steers and track loaders can enhance arborist efficiency through their versatility and compact size. Learn their advantages, limitations, essential attachments, and main- tenance tips to determine if these machines are right for your tree care business. EDITOR’S NOTE 3 Rev up your new year with tips to overcome the slow season, prepare for ArborEXPO™ 2025, and tackle key challenges in the tree care industry. Almstead................................................. 58 Altec........................................................37 ArborEXPO™............................................. 68 Arbornote. ............................................... 65 ArborSystems........................................... 35 ArborSystems (EZ-Ject)...............................47 Bandit. ...................................................... 5 Advertiser Index
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PRODUCT SPOTLIGHT
SAFETY TAILGATE
Check out the latest products and services offered by the best brands in the tree care industry.
Learn from the experts at Streamside Green how to identify dog-related hazards, prevent bites, and protect your- self while working on tree care jobs. Morbark................................................... 25 Northern Atlantic Financial.......................... 33 Quest Products LLC................................... 52 SavATree.................................................. 59 Sennebogen............................................... 7 SingleOps................................................ 43 Tracked Lifts............................................... 2 Tristar Aerial/CELA USA.............................. 29 UP Equipment...........................................21
BIK Boom Trucks........................................13 CMC North America....................................15 Doggett................................................... 28 Dyna Products...........................................67 EZ Connector Inc........................................51 Ferguson & Mcguire................................... 53 Gene Bridges Scholarship........................... 46 Hummerbee.............................................. 19 Jameson Tools...........................................27 Leonardi Mfg............................................ 36
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If you haven’t tried a Bandit unit for your operation, please contact a local Bandit dealer , email marketing@banditchippers.com or visit our website www.banditchippers.com and we will be happy to assist you!
ArborTIMES™ Winter 2025 | 5
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HEARING LOSS RISKS IN TREE CARE By Mara Watts and Matt Smithmier Arborists face hidden risks from hazardous noise exposure that result in the lasting effects on their health. Proactive solutions can safeguard their well-being and professional longevity.
SOUND CHOICES: PPE By ArborTIMES™ Learn how to select OSHA-compliant hearing protection tailored to ar- borists, featuring practical tips on noise reduction, compatibility with other PPE, and communication- friendly solutions to safeguard hearing in high- noise environments.
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SPOTLIGHT ON EXCELLENCE: ARBOREXPO ’25 By ArborTIMES™
SPECIALIZATION VS. DIVERSIFICATION By Veronica Sparks
SHARPER TOOLS, SMARTER BUSINESS By Amy Kent Sharpening and maintain- ing stump grinders and chippers might seem like a hassle, but with these tools, extending the life of your equipment has never been easier. Explore the pros and cons of specialization versus di- versification in the tree care industry. Learn how focusing on niche services or offering a broad portfolio can impact profitability, market stability, and your business’s long- term success.
This year, ArborEXPO ™ is introducing two new and exciting develop- ments that will challenge, exhilarate, and celebrate.
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ARBORSPORTS™ By ArborTIMES™
SAGE ADVICE By Kelly May A trailblazer in arboricul- ture, Melissa LeVangie Ingersoll’s work spans safety advocacy, sustain- ability, and education. From co-founding WTCW to championing innova- tion, she is redefining the future of tree care. ArborSPORTS™ combines competition, camaraderie, and education, giving attendees the opportunity to watch elite climbers, sawyers, and rigging experts compete in events that celebrate the craft and precision of tree work.
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WE WOULD LOVE TO HEAR FROM YOU
OUR SPRING ISSUE COMING IN APRIL • Women in Tree Care • Beating Beech Leaf Disease • Saluting Veterans • Energy-Efficient Machines And more!
Got a story idea you’d like to see? Send your ideas to editor@arbortimes.org . Do you have photos of your crew in action? Send them to info@arbortimes.org. Proper techniques and PPE — hard hats, eye and hearing protection, and fall protection — are a must for photos depicting field work.
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One of the keys to minimizing storm damage and promoting long-term tree health is to prepare trees for winter weather and assess risks ahead of time.
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Surviving the Storm Preparing Trees to Stand Up to Winter By TJ Yurko, ISA Certified Arborist (PR-5403A), ISA TRAQ, CLHT
As winter tightens its icy grip across North America, preparing trees for the cold months ahead is par- amount. Heavy snow, frigid ice, and fierce winds can transform enchanting winter wonderlands into bone-chilling graveyards for trees, leaving them vul- nerable to damage that poses serious safety hazards and a significant risk of injury. Luckily, there is a way to weather the storm. By con- ducting comprehensive risk assessments and ad- dressing other critical preparatory tasks, trees can be fortified against the winter elements to safeguard not only people and property but also promote their health and resilience to ensure they remain steadfast and beautiful all year round. RISKY BUSINESS Winter storms pose a significant threat to trees, with elements like snow, ice, and wind, often leading to substantial, irreversible damage. Trees that are poorly maintained, structurally deficient, shallowly- rooted, weak, or stressed are especially vulnerable to harsh winter conditions as they lack structural in- tegrity and mechanical strength compared to healthy, deeply-rooted trees. While healthy trees stand a
better chance of surviving stormy weather, this does not mean they are immune to risk. In tree biomechanics, failure occurs when load exceeds strength, either through overload failure (i.e., single load application) or fatigue failure (i.e., repetitive load over time). In other words, when forces like snow, ice, and wind are above the tree’s capacity to support that load, whether suddenly or gradually, it fails. This principle is true for any tree — not just weak or stressed trees. This is why even healthy, structurally sound trees can suddenly succumb to extreme weather forces. Winter conditions can generate both overload and fatigue failure in a tree’s architecture, which dramatical- ly increases the likelihood of failure during storms. Contributors to failure are not limited to snow, ice, and wind. Freeze-thaw cycles caused by day-night temperature fluctuations can result in vertical cracks or sloughed bark, exacerbating weak structure and exposing the tree’s vascular system to disease and decay. Additionally, pollutants such as de-icers can cause chemical imbalances in the soil, leading to physiological problems like desiccation and nutri- tional deficiencies.
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Proper pruning is key to preparing trees for winter storms. It strengthens structure and removes weak branches, helping prevent tree failure under snow, ice, and wind.
Preparing trees for winter storms is essential not only to minimize these risks, but also to prevent death, in- jury, or costly damage to people and property. PROACTIVE MEASURES: HIGH RISK, HIGH REWARD As the old saying goes, “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.” Taking proactive measures to prepare trees for winter storms offers many benefits to homeowners and profes- sionals alike: •Preventive Care : Assessing trees prior to winter storms and perform- ing proper tree care maintenance throughout the year can help pre- vent limbs or entire trees from fall- ing on people, vehicles, buildings, and other property. •Increased Tree Resilience : Trees that are well-maintained with best management practices like pruning, mulching, watering, and fertiliz- ing are more likely to recover from storms and survive the winter sea- son in good health. •Safer Working Conditions : If trees are properly assessed and main- tained in advance, tree care profes-
Tim Greifenkamp, TreePro program manager at NIP Group , emphasizes the importance of preparation: “Winter brings unique challenges for tree care companies… By being proactive, you not only safeguard your business finan- cially but also position yourself to focus on safe operations and storm recovery with peace of mind during the most de- manding months of the year.” CONDUCTING RISK ASSESSMENTS Before winter arrives, it is critical to
sionals who respond to post-storm events will face fewer risks when working in the field. This thereby re- duces the likelihood of injury during storm recovery. •Protection of People and Property : Be sure to review insurance coverage with an agent or broker before or during the season. By working with a partner that knows the risks of the industry during winter months, you can be sure your policy addresses po- tential working hazards and prevents costly gaps in protection.
Assessing trees prior to winter storms and performing proper tree care maintenance throughout the year can help prevent limbs or entire trees from falling on people, vehicles, buildings, and other property.
10 | ArborTIMES™ Winter 2025
conduct a comprehensive risk assess- ment for trees that may be vulner- able to storm damage. A Tree Risk Assessment (TRA) is a process that evaluates a tree’s overall risk rating by identifying structural defects, hazards, and other environmental factors that could increase the likelihood of failure, impact, and consequence to people or property. The goal of a TRA is to analyze the in- tersection between these factors and recommend mitigation options that ef- fectively minimize risk. This evaluation identifies potential problems in trees and highlights which ones are most at risk during a winter storm — before it happens. When performed correctly, a TRA can help prevent accidents and save lives. “If a known stormfront is approaching it’s always wise to do a pre-storm tree inspection,” said Christian Wissmuller, communications specialist with CMC North America . “Remove dead tree limbs, trim any low-hanging branches, and make sure that all doors, windows, and power lines are clear.” During the assessment, consider the following factors: •Species : Different tree species ex- hibit varying susceptibilities to ad- verse weather conditions based on the strength, integrity, and attach- ment of their wood. Species with weak structure (e.g., cottonwoods, willows, maples, etc.) are more prone to failure, whereas species with strong structure (e.g., oaks, magnolias, sweetgums, etc.), are less prone to failure. •Structure: Tree architecture plays a vital role in winter storm resilience. Key structures like roots, trunks, branches, unions, and form deter- mine a tree’s ability to withstand strong forces. Look for unstable roots, high-angled leans, codominant stems, and other structural weaknesses. •Size, Age, & Condition : Larger, older, and stressed trees are more likely to suffer significant damage
A Tree Risk Assessment (TRA) evaluates a tree's overall risk rating by identifying structural defects, hazards, and other factors that could increase the likelihood of failure.
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Different tree species exhibit varying susceptibilities to adverse weather conditions based on the strength, integrity, and attachment of their wood.
For more information on tree risk as- sessments, refer to the ISA Tree Risk Assessment Manual (2nd Edition) and ANSI A300 Tree Care Standards Part 9 (Tree Risk Assessment).
tools of the trade that can assist in con- ducting tree risk assessments for win- ter storm readiness: •Drones : Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high-resolu- tion cameras can provide a bird’s-eye view of trees to identify structural defects that may not be visible from the ground. Drone operators in the US must obtain a Remote Pilot Certificate through the Federal Avi- ation Administration (FAA) before flying a UAV.
during winter storms. Look for trees that are in poor health with pest or disease infestations, fungal conks or bracts, cracks, previous storm damage, or other signs of weakness. •Environment: Soil quality and proximity to construction, roads, or structures can influence tree stabili- ty. The more urbanized the environ- ment, the higher the potential risk to the tree and its surroundings. •Location & Proximity to Targets : Trees located near roads, buildings, and powerlines pose a higher risk to people, property, and activities during storm events. •Frequency & Occupancy of Targets: Trees with frequently occupied targets in their fall zone present higher risks. Generally, the more often and longer a target is present, the greater the potential of impact and harm.
Leveraging Technology for Assessments
Modern technology can significantly enhance the accuracy and efficiency of tree risk assessments. Here are some
•Tomography : This tech- nique uses sound waves to visualize the internal condition of a tree to iden- tify decay, cracks, or other structural weaknesses not visible externally.
•LiDAR: Light Detection and Rang- ing (LiDAR) technology generates detailed 3D models of tree struc- ture to identify weaknesses and hazards that could be obscured or
High-resolution cameras mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can offer an aerial perspective of trees, revealing structural defects that are not visible from the ground.
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hidden from view. Combined with Geospatial Information System (GIS) technology, it can pinpoint nearby targets, map fall zones, and monitor tree health over time. Wissmuller emphasized that these modern devices not only improve the accuracy of the TRA but also keep tree care workers safer. “With drones and the like, workers can identify potential risk without putting themselves or clients in harm’s way and, while this is a fairly obvious point to make: if you can’t see the problem, you can’t fix the problem,” he stated. BEST PRACTICES FOR WINTER TREE CARE Proper tree care management is key to preventing future problems. Best man- agement practices (BMPs) for tree care are essential to ensuring trees remain healthy and resilient before, during, and after winter storms.
Protect roots and improve soil health with proper mulching and soil aeration techniques.
ArborTIMES™ Winter 2025 | 13
hazardous trees before winter strikes helps protect property from potential damage during severe weather and makes cleanup easier when it is all over. After a winter storm, it is important to assess trees for broken branch- es, cracks or splits, new or worsened leans, and uprooted or downed trees. Depending on the extent of damage, trees may require restorative pruning, cabling or bracing, or removal. Regular inspections are important to identify hidden or cumulative damage, so con- tinue to monitor trees closely up to one As we face increasingly unpredictable weather patterns and more severe win- ter storms, it is becoming vital to adopt best management practices for tree care. Conducting regular tree risk as- sessments and implementing proactive maintenance strategies can reduce the likelihood of failure and damage from storms, strengthening trees’ resilience to harsh weather conditions and ulti- mately protecting people and property. By learning the lessons of today, we can better protect the trees of tomorrow from the impacts of storms. Winter is coming. Are your trees ready for it? year after a storm event. BRIGHTER DAYS AHEAD
Remove dead, dying, or defective branches to reduce likelihood of failure during a winter storm event.
storms. Proper pruning maintains bal- anced canopy weight and structure and increases load-bearing capacity. When done correctly, this technique removes dead, dying, damaged, diseased, or de- fective branches that are more likely to fail under snow, ice, and wind. In special circumstances, it may be nec- essary to remove a tree if it presents a high or extreme residual risk. Removing
•Pruning: Remove dead, dying, or defective branches to reduce failure likelihood. Follow ANSI A300 Tree Care Standards Part 1 standards and avoid excessive live wood removal. •Support Systems: Use cabling, bracing, or staking to reinforce weak structures. Adhere to ANSI A300 Clause 7 standards. •Mulching and Aeration: Protect roots and improve soil health with proper mulching and aeration techniques. •Watering and Fertilizing: Provide essential nutrients and moisture year-round, especially during active root growth in fall. •Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Monitor and manage pests and diseases using selective treatments and ANSI A300 Clause 14 guidelines. •Other Practices: Use tree guards, windbreaks, and storm-resistant species while avoiding practices that can harm trees, such as using chloride-based ice melts. By far, pruning is one of the most ef- fective ways to prepare trees for winter
Ready, Set, Winterize!
Properly winterizing tools and equipment is essential for ensuring arboriculture operations are ready for storm recovery and cleanup. Make sure chainsaws are in good working condition with clean, sharp chains, fresh oil and fuel, and extra replacement parts. Inspect trucks, trailers, and lifts for winter operational efficiency so crews can safely arrive onsite without delay. Even when all is quiet on the storm front, perform regular maintenance on all equipment including oil changes, filter checks, and fueling up machinery so everything is ready to go after a storm hits. When not in operation, it is important to store all equipment in a dry, protected area to prevent rust, corrosion, and damage. “Working in cold weather presents its own unique set of challenges that might not normally occur in warmer conditions,” Wissmuller shared. “While our equipment and components are heavy-duty and weather- proof, it’s vitally important to keep CMC tracked aerial lifts in good working order in all seasons — especially winter — and to operate equipment with safety always top of mind.” Taking these steps in advance will help ensure fleets can respond quickly when severe weather strikes.
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Skid steers and compact loaders are popular for their small and versatile sizes, but not all are created equal.
Groundwork Made Easy How Skid Steers and Track Loaders Help Arborists Work Smarter By Jenny Cohen
In tree care, the right tools can combine power with precision, no matter the size. That’s why you may want to consider a skid steer or compact track loader for your next job. These small machines can be a great option for jobs that may require a little more lift and carry with some added versatility depending on what you need for different jobsites. SKID STEER OR TRACK LOADER? Skid steers and track loaders are built to navigate compact areas, making them invaluable for tree care in residential settings, landscaped spaces, and other locations where larger equipment is impractical or cost-prohibitive. Their ability to pivot easily using either wheels or tracks allows for exceptional maneuverability in tight spots. In fact, ease of operation is one of the most im- portant things for an arborist to consider when deciding whether a skid steer or track loader is important for a job. “Arborists should focus on control design and ca- pacity, as these factors are crucial for ensuring efficient and effective use during tree care tasks,” said Nicole Gorsuch, manager of marketing and dealer development for Morbark .
She also suggested that arborists need to con- sider the quality of a machine more than other operators. “Arborists typically exert more strain on their equipment than landscapers or dirt movers, mak- ing it essential to select robust machines that can withstand demanding conditions,” she said. Advantages One of the biggest advantages of skid steers and compact loaders is their compact size, but choos- ing the right size is critical. Larger machines are ideal for heavy-duty jobs, while smaller, stand-on skid steers are often better suited for residential projects, noted Harry Fleegel, general manager of TNE Distributing, LLC . In fact, some smaller models are compact enough to fit through resi- dential gates, making them especially versatile. “Site access is a major consideration when it comes to type of machine and size,” he said. “This decision should be primarily based on the majori- ty of the type of properties you work on.” Attachments can be added based on the job, al- lowing you to adapt the machine for a variety of settings and needs.
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These machines can also have significant blind spots, requiring operators to re- main vigilant about their surroundings. “Paying close attention to people, em- ployees and other property in work zones should always be on operators’ minds,” he said. RENT OR BUY? Deciding whether to rent or buy a skid steer or track loader depends on your business needs and budget. Renting is an excellent way to test the equip- ment’s performance and suitability for your tasks before committing to a large purchase. “This initial rental phase allows them to assess the machine’s performance and suitability for their specific needs,” Gorsuch said. For arborists who purchase equipment, the total cost of ownership is often low- er than other machinery like chippers or stumpers. Financing options, such as low-interest rates, can make owner- ship even more appealing. “The overall cost of ownership is typ- ically lower compared to other equip- ment like chippers or stumpers, mak- ing it a smart choice for many tree care professionals,” Gorsuch said.
The compact design of the Morbark skid steer stand-on allows the operator to clear tree debris in tight, cluttered spaces.
“Operators must be aware of the ma- chine’s limits to avoid overloading,” Gorsuch explained. Fleegel echoed this sentiment, cau- tioning operators to avoid exceeding the machine’s weight capacity, as skid steers and other heavy equipment are prone to tipping when overloaded, or when a load is improperly carried.
“The standard mini skid steer plate ac- cepts almost all mini skid steer attach- ments, enhancing their functionality,” Gorsuch added. Attachments to add to your skid steer or track loader toolbox include pieces for mulching and grapples to tackle various tasks. You can also get attach- ments for smaller stump grinding jobs. “Although it may not match the capa- bility of a dedicated stump grinder, it is particularly effective for removing ornamental stumps and shrubs locat- ed close to buildings,” Gorsuch said. “Furthermore, using a stump grinder with a mini skid steer presents a low- er entry cost as arborists can leverage equipment they already own, making it a cost-effective solution for their tree care needs.” That said, using a skid steer or track load- er does come with potential drawbacks. Disadvantages One of the most pressing issues arborists face is the equipment’s weight limit.
Track loaders, like the Cast Loader 30S Forest, provide superior stability and traction when moving heavy logs, making them ideal for challenging terrains in tree care.
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Once you buy a skid steer or track load- er, it is also imperative to budget some money for maintenance and repair to keep your machine running properly. Regular maintenance, following manu- facturer recommendations, helps min- imize downtime and extend the ma- chine’s lifespan. “Properly greased and maintained ma- chines will have less wear and tear over their lifespan,” Fleegel explained. “This results in less downtime or major re- pairs needed.” He also pointed out that misuse and abuse are the leading causes of re- pairs. To avoid these costly mistakes, owners must ensure operators are properly trained and use the equip- ment correctly. HOW TO PROTECT WORK AREAS While skid steers and track loaders are highly maneuverable, their turning mechanisms can damage surfaces.
While effective for moving heavy loads, skidding can sometimes damage sensitive surfaces. Protective mats can help preserve the ground.
Introducing the
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products that work best for your spe- cific needs,” Koberg said. “A survey typically includes an evaluation of the ground conditions and identifies access and staging locations for the work.” Keep in mind that these mats will re- quire storage space, so consider how to store them when not in use or add them to a trailer alongside your skid steer, compact track loader, and other equipment for the job. Koberg advises investing in high-qual- ity mats, noting, “High-quality stiffer mats and trax can last 10-plus years. The return on investment gained on these is not worth saving a small amount of money for lower quality mats that lack rigidity.” MAKING THE RIGHT CHOICE Skid steers and compact track loaders can be game changers for arborists, offering versatility and efficiency in various work settings. By carefully evaluating the advantages, disadvan- tages, and job requirements, you can decide whether these machines are a smart addition to your toolkit. Proper planning, training, and maintenance will ensure you get the most out of your investment.
Attachments can be added as needed for each job, enabling you to customize the machine for a wide range of tasks and environments.
Koberg stressed the importance of considering the weight and type of equipment, condition of the ground, duration of use, specific environmen- tal considerations, and the area of coverage needed. “Conducting a site survey in advance helps you select ground protection
“Due to the fact that both skid loaders and track loaders turn by skidding, they have a high potential of turf dam- age that will require additional cleanup and repair upon job completion,” Flee- gel said. To prevent damage to the terrain, op- erators should use protective mats for sensitive areas to support both the equipment and its load. “Typically, light-duty products excel at building temporary roadways for light- er equipment such as vehicles, skid steers, mini dump trucks, and spider lift cranes,” said Kevin Koberg, stra- tegic sales manager for DICA . “While the load-bearing capacity of light-duty matting is lower, it addresses specific needs and is designed with speed of deployment in mind.” DICA’s portfolio includes mat options like SlatTrax, offering 100 feet of ground protection for heavy equipment working on potentially sensitive surfac- es, and can be adapted to meet a variety of project requirements.
Recommended Brands for Skid Steers and Compact Loaders
When selecting between skid steers and compact loaders, partnering with a reliable brand can make all the difference. Here are some go-to companies known for their high-quality equipment and industry expertise:
• Avant: Renowned for their innovative and versatile compact loaders. • Schaffer: Specializes in compact loaders built for tough environments. • Morbark: Offers rugged machines designed to handle heavy-duty tree care tasks. • Vermeer: A trusted name in the tree care industry with a range of compact equipment.
• Miniloaders: Provides compact solutions tailored for tight spaces and efficiency. • Giant Loaders: Known for their durable and powerful compact loaders. • TNE Distributing: Supplies reliable equipment options with a focus on performance. • Toro: Delivers user-friendly, versatile skid steers and compact loaders.
When choosing protective mats,
20 | ArborTIMES™ Winter 2025
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Sounding the Alarm Hearing Loss Risks in Tree Care By Mara Watts and Matt Smithmier
Hearing loss is a lingering souvenir from Alex Kun- drat’s lifelong career in the tree care industry. The condition affects his family, his relationships, and even his role as a firefighter in Cleveland, Ohio. As the founder of Speak Easy Communication Solutions , Kundrat’s battle with hearing loss changed the course of his career. “There might be 10 guys around the table, with three or four different conversations going. I can’t even follow one of them with all the noise,” he said. “They start to tell me something and then just shake their heads and walk away.” Kundrat’s hearing loss almost cost him his firefight- ing job and has grown significantly worse in the years since. He especially has trouble with “sh” and “ph” sounds, and crowds only exacerbate the issue. “I just tune out because it takes a lot of energy to basically decode what people are saying,” he said. “If people are just jibber-jabbering or there’s a TV going, I can’t follow it.” He’s not alone: In fact, arborists are at a high risk for hearing loss because of their regular exposure
to loud equipment and tools — especially chainsaws and chippers. Without proper hearing protection, arborists risk long-term damage. WHY ARBORISTS FACE A HIGHER RISK OF HEARING DAMAGE To protect these workers, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires any employee exposed to an average noise level of 85 decibels (dBA) or greater over eight hours to wear hearing protection. The administration also pro- hibits noise exposures at or above 115 dBA unless proper hearing protection is used. “Tree care workers are at a much higher risk because they work outdoors where there are no walls or barriers to block noise,” said Ross Cush- ing, Au.D., board-certified clinical audiologist and founder and CEO of Live Better Hearing + Balance . “They’re also right next to loud equipment like chainsaws and stump grinders. Combining long workdays with proximity to high-decibel machin- ery makes this profession especially dangerous for hearing health.”
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Arborists face a significant risk of hearing loss due to their frequent exposure to loud equipment and tools, particularly chainsaws and chippers.
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Identifying Early Signs of Noise- Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) In tree care, recognizing the early warning signs and symptoms of hear- ing problems is important for all work- ers present on the work site. “If workers notice they turn up their radios or phones after work, it’s time to get a hearing test,” Cushing advised. As the symptoms of NIHL are mostly in- ternal, it is essential for workers to be vig- ilant about their own symptoms. These may include, but are not limited to: •Ringing in the ears, also known as tinnitus •Muffled or distorted hearing •Difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy environments •Constant pressure in the ear “If you hear a ringing or buzzing sound after work, that’s a sign your inner ear has been damaged,” said Cush- ing. “Even if hearing loss isn’t notice- able yet, tinnitus is your body’s way of warning you that something is wrong.” THE CONSEQUENCES OF PRO- LONGED NOISE EXPOSURE Exposure to loud noises over an extend- ed period can indisputably lead to sig- nificant hearing loss. The damage often progresses gradually, resulting in tree workers frequently overlooking the early warning signs, such as distorted or muffled sounds. “Eventually, many will find themselves on hearing aids to effectively hear and participate in daily activities,” St. John said. “Loud exposure can also trig- ger tinnitus long after the noise has stopped.” At 110 dBA, hearing damage can hap- pen in just two minutes if hearing protection is not worn. A chipper, for example, measures at about 112-119 dBA, emitting the loudest tree care work-related noise.
Once damaged, the tiny hair cells in the ear canal cannot regenerate, making it crucial for tree care workers to wear proper ear protection to safeguard their hearing.
While there are certainly many em- ployers and tree care workers who un- derstand this risk and take it seriously, the delayed nature of hearing damage often lulls people into complacency, said Donna Pitts, Au.D., CCC-A, MPH, a speech-language-hearing sciences ex- pert and associate professor at Loyola University Maryland. “The problem is, when you cut your finger off, there’s immediate pain. But hearing loss is painless, and it takes a long time – like five or more years – to experience a change,” she said. “That’s one of the biggest issues that we’ve al- ways experienced in this industry: Peo- ple are less likely to pay attention to it until it’s too late.” UNDERSTANDING OSHA’S NOISE STANDARDS AND RISKS OSHA defines “hazardous noise” as any noise that reaches or exceeds 85 dBA. Tree care workers are regularly exposed to machinery and tools that produce high-frequency sounds for ex- tended periods that well exceed OSHA’s standards. The administration reported that chainsaws, alone, measure at an average of 125 dBA, while other heavy machinery tends to range between 95 and 110 dBA.
Prolonged exposure to these pieces of equipment often results in what is known as Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL). This condition occurs when loud noises damage the tiny hair cells found in the inner ear. And, typically, those hair cells don’t grow back, resulting in hearing damage or loss. A 2010 study conducted by the Univer- sity of Northern Colorado showed that urban tree care workers are regularly exposed to noise levels exceeding OSHA and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standards. Further, the research concluded that ear protection is recommended “when operating chainsaws, chippers, stump grinders, leaf blowers, water trucks, rotochoppers, tractors, and brush and weed trimmers.” “Material hearing impairment is de- fined as hearing loss that interferes with a person’s ability to understand speech,” clarified Julia St. John, product specialist for above-the-neck and foot protection at Delta Plus, a global manu- facturer of head-to-toe safety solutions. “We must address the risks and take necessary precautions to protect the hearing of all workers.”
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“It’s not just about long-term expo- sure,” said Cushing. “One bad day can change everything.” ENFORCEMENT AND ACCOUNTABILITY Like any safety recommendation, en- forcement is key until people get into the habit of proper ear protection. OSHA first adopted its Hearing Con- servation Amendment in 1981, requir- ing employers to implement a Hearing Conservation Program for employees exposed to noise levels of 85 dBA or more during their shift. The amendment not only outlined the necessary components of an effective program but also asked audiologists to play a supervisory role in it. Pitts cur- rently works with a few such compa- nies, conducting environmental noise analyses, administering hearing tests on employees, and providing education on how they can improve. She said re- sistance to protective measures often
Regular hearing screenings are essential for tree care workers to catch early signs of hearing loss.
“Since chainsaws, chippers, and stump grinders often operate between 110- 120 dBA, tree care workers can per- manently damage their hearing before they even finish a task if they aren’t protected,” Cushing explained.
A common misconception is that most workers think hearing loss is a slow process. But one loud event — like an equipment malfunction or unexpected explosion — can cause permanent hear- ing damage instantly.
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said, workers quickly become com- placent as well, throwing on earmuffs or putting in earplugs just when they think someone is watching. “Many workers skip hearing protection because they need to stay alert to their surroundings,” Cushing explained. “A great solution is using electronic ear- muffs that block dangerous noise while letting in environmental sounds like team communication, equipment warn- ings, and alarms. These devices protect hearing without compromising safety.” Over the past 30 years, design inno- vations of earplugs and earmuffs have evolved significantly with notable im- provements in comfort, fit, and function. “Today’s options are more compact and compatible than ever before,” said St. John. That is one area to which Kundrat has greatly contributed. Thanks to prod- ucts like Speak Easy Communication Solutions, crews can communicate with ease while also protecting their hearing. The Bluetooth-enabled headset re- moves low rumbles, engine noise and other interferences so workers can safely communicate without yelling, even in the company of a loud chipper or roaring chainsaw. Communication on the work site, he said, is crucial. “I think it’s more important than the chainsaw in tree care,” Kundrat said. PROACTIVE STEPS TO PREVENT NOISE-INDUCED HEARING LOSS As a tree care worker, there are sev- eral measures one can take to prevent NIHL, including: •Get hearing screenings at least once a year •Take regular breaks from the noisy activity •Always wear hearing protection (PPE) while working in noisy envi- ronments
Bluetooth-enabled headsets eliminates damge-causing interferences, allowing workers to communicate safely in a loud work environment.
safety glasses, how much do they care or know about my trees or the safety of my property?’” Feyh added that within his company, hearing protection and all Personal Protective Equipment is not optional. INNOVATIVE HEARING PROTECTION FOR TREE CARE WORKERS Another step employers can take is encouraging tree workers to wear prop- er hearing protection and ensure it is being worn correctly. If leadership doesn’t prioritize hearing safety, Pitts
falls along generational lines.
Unfortunately, according to Pitts, some companies only comply with the mini- mum standards to avoid penalties, leav- ing workers inadequately protected. “I think a lot of companies check the box because they’re afraid of getting fined, so they go through the motions,” she said. “I have gone into industries, and I’ll see people who are not wearing hearing protection. That’s the responsi- bility of the company to ensure people who are exposed to these noise levels are wearing something. If they’re not wearing hearing protection, somebody is dropping the ball.” Meanwhile, for other companies, safe- ty is a matter of pride and profession- alism. Jeremy Feyh, an ISA-certified arborist and scheduling and logistics manager at Urban Tree Specialists in Kansas City, Missouri, highlighted the role of safety in differentiating his company. “We want to be professionals, and that’s where PPE and safety come into play big time for us,” Feyh said. “If a home- owner sees a crew and thinks, ‘Well, if this company isn’t even worried about wearing hard hats or ear protection or
Without adequate hearing protection, arborists are at risk of long-term damage. Even basic, foam earplugs can offer protection.
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exposure to loud and high-pitched noises significantly “These proactive approaches will allow for the implementation of further mea- sures to prevent the progression of any identified hearing loss,” said St. John. TOOLS AND TECH IMPROVING HEARING SAFETY In his practice, Cushing has witnessed outdoor workers who caught hearing loss early and started to use hearing protection to avoid major damage. He stated that the most important actions an arborist can take are regular testing, hearing protection, and education on hearing health. Meanwhile, Kundrat’s headsets are now in their fourth generation, and nearly 90% of his customers are in the tree care industry. He hopes these tools will improve conditions for future workers.
Tree care workers are at risk of noise-induced hearing loss while on the job. Recent statistics from the Na- tional Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) reveal concerning trends among those in the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting (AFFH) industries: • About 37% of all workers in AFFH have been exposed to hazardous noise • 74% of noise-exposed AFFH workers report not wearing hearing protection • Approximately 14% of all AFFH work- ers have hearing difficulty • About 13% of all AFFH workers have tinnitus • 11% of noise-exposed tested AFFH workers have hearing impairment in both ears Statistics on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) Among Outdoor Workers
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Without hearing protection, prolonged exposure to loud noise, such as chainsaws and chippers, can lead to irreversible hearing damage.
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Selecting appropriate hearing protec- tion equipment (PPE) for arborists is critical for ensuring safety and compli- ance with OSHA standards and indus- try best practices. Tree care workers are frequently exposed to hazardous noise levels from chainsaws, chippers, and other equipment, which can ex- ceed OSHA’s permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 85 decibels (dBA) over eight hours. Prolonged exposure with- out protection can lead to irreversible hearing damage. OSHA STANDARDS AND NOISE REDUCTION OSHA mandates employers to imple- ment a hearing conservation program when workers are exposed to an aver- age noise level of 85 dBA or higher. Key components include monitoring noise exposure, providing hearing protection, and conducting annual audiometric testing. Employers must ensure that hearing PPE meets the noise reduction rating (NRR) appro- priate for the job. For example, if noise levels reach 100 dB, earplugs
solutions like noise-canceling headsets enable clear communi- cation while providing hearing protection. ADVANCED COMMUNICATION HEADSET SpeakEasy Communication Solu- tions ACTIO Pro-C
or earmuffs with a combined NRR of at least 25 dB may be necessary. HEARING PROTECTION FEATURES TO CONSIDER 1. Compatibility with Other PPE: Arborists often wear helmets and face shields. Hearing PPE like over-the-helmet earmuffs or low-profile earplugs ensures a se- cure fit without interfering with other safety gear. 2 Comfort for Extended Wear: Tasks often span long hours, so lightweight and ergonomically designed PPE minimizes discom- fort. 3 Durability and Environment Suitability: Equipment should withstand harsh outdoor condi- tions, including sweat, debris, and weather fluctuations. 4 Communication Needs: Some jobs require coordination in noisy environments. OSHA-compliant
The ACTIO Pro-C is an innovative communication headset tailored for high-noise environments like tree care worksites. It provides crys-
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