Roots and Greening 2018 PDF Booklet

Roots & Greening Handbook

INTRODUCTION

Welcome to our 2018 Roots and Greening Handbook. The following pages have been put together as a guide to choosing the right seeds or mixtures to suit your individual requirements. We have a carefully selected but nonetheless comprehensive range of seeds to include; • Short, medium or longer term fodder crops • Green manures and soil conditioners

• Catch crops under BPS • Cover crops under BPS • Environmental focus area and Greening crops

Available as mixtures or as straights, we can provide what you are looking for. Environmental and temporary grass mixtures under the Greening code. Fallow can be seen in our Herbage, Gamecover and Enviromental booklets. We hope you find this guide useful and informative if you have any further questions please do not hesitate to contact the seed office or your usual Bartholomews representative.

Seed Department Tel: 01243 755620 Email: seed@bartholomews.co.uk

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STUBBLE TURNIPS

Why Grow Stubble Turnips? • Fast growing catch crop • Autumn or winter fed • Used for finishing lambs or a summer buffer feed for dairy cows • Flexible sowing dates

Delilah

‘High dry matter yields for finishing lambs’ Suitable for: Dairy, beef or sheep grazing Sow: Spring/early summer or after cereals Use: Summer through to winter depending on time of sowing Key points: • Ideal for finishing lambs • Produces huge white tankard shaped bulbs • Good resistance to mildew ‘Huge tankard roots that are highly digestible’ Suitable for: Dairy, beef or sheep grazing Sow: Spring/early summer or after cereals Use: Summer through to winter depending on time of sowing Key points: • Tetraploid variety – shown to be preferentially grazed • Very palatable to sheep and cattle • Huge purple tankard shaped bulbs ‘Good root anchorage for less wastage’ Suitable for: Dairy, beef or sheep grazing Sow: Spring/early summer or after cereals Use: Autumn/Winter Key points: • Green skinned with very leafy growth

Samson

Rondo

• Excellent disease resistance • Later use than other varieties

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Tyfon (Hybrid)

‘Bolting resistant’ Suitable for: Cattle and sheep grazing Sow: Early summer or after cereals Use: Autumn Key points: • A large leafed, highly digestible variety • Good early vigour and good disease resistance. • Retains its palatability throughout the season ‘Leafy forage for summer use’ Suitable for: Cattle grazing Sow: Early summer or after cereals Use: Summer and autumn Key points: • Sown in spring and used over summer • Can be susceptible to bolting if sown too early • Very leafy with the potential of re-growth

Vollenda

2018 Trial Results Average fresh yield = 40-50t/ha Average DM yield = 4.5-5t/ha Samson Relative fresh yield – 108% Relative DM yield – 104% Delilah Relative fresh yield – 100% Relative DM yield – 100% Rondo Relative fresh yield – 88% Relative DM yield - 94% Tyfon Relative fresh yield – 75% Relative DM yield - 78%

Sowing rates: Drill into stubble – 4-5 kg/ha Drill after grass – 5-6 kg/ha Broadcast – 6-7 kg/ha Sow – May – June or July – August

Feed Quality Crude protein – 17-18% Digestibility Value – 68-70% ME – 11 Mj/kg DM

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KALE

Why Grow Kale? • Flexible utilization period • High yields • Excellent crude protein content

Caledonian

‘Marrow stem type with club root tolerance’ Suitable for: Cattle grazing Sow: Spring Use: Autumn & Winter Key points: • Highest yielding variety in trials • Club root tolerance • Taller than other varieties ‘Winter hardy variety’ Suitable for: Cattle and sheep grazing Sow: Spring Use: Autumn & Winter Key points: • Intermediate height • Marrow stem with plenty of leaf • Highly palatable • High resistance to disease ‘Leafy type for sheep production’ Suitable for: Cattle and sheep grazing Sow: Spring or early summer Use: Autumn & winter Key points: • Winter hardy • Good resistance to lodging • Very leafy and a shorter variety

Proteor

Keeper

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‘New marrows stem variety for 2019’ Suitable for: Cattle and sheep grazing Sow: Spring Use: Autumn & Winter Key points: • Delivers high dry matter yields and high quality feed • Club root tolerant • Improves palatability of the stem

Bombardier

2018 Trial Results Average fresh yield = 60-70t/ha Average DM content = 14-16% Caledonian Relative fresh yield – 122% DM Content – 13.8% Keeper Relative fresh yield – 92% DM Content – 15.7% Bombardier Relative fresh yield – 121% DM Content – 13.5%

Sowing rates: Precision Drilled – 2 kg/ha Direct Drilled – 4-5 kg/ha Broadcast – 8 kg/ha Sow – April – Early July

Feed Quality Crude protein – 16-17% Digestibility Value – 70-75% ME – 10-11 Mj/kg DM

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FORAGE RAPE

Why Grow Forage Rape? • Fast growing • Leafy catch crop • Longer lasting than stubble turnips • Flexible sowing period • Hi protein content

Interval

‘Rape/kale hybrid with exceptional yield potential’ Suitable for: Cattle and sheep grazing Sow: Spring/Early summer or after cereals Use: Autumn & Winter Key points: • Fast to establish - can be used within 10 -12 weeks after sowing • Can fill the gap in a winter feed programme • High yield, digestibility and disease resistance make it ideal for finishing lambs or dairy cows Suitable for: Cattle and sheep grazing Sow: Spring/Early summer or after cereals Use: Autumn & Winter Key points: • Ideal for finishing lambs • Highly palatable and digestible • Excellent powdery mildew resistance to reduce wastage ‘A reliable variety with consistent UK performance’

Hobson

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Rampart

‘Bred for feeding quality and grazing flexibility’ Suitable for: Cattle and sheep grazing Sow: Spring/Early summer or after cereals Use: Autumn & Winter Key points: • High yield potential • Winter hardiness • Ready to feed 12-14 weeks after sowing

2018 Trial results Average Fresh Yield =24-35t/ha Average DM Content = 12-13% Interval Relative fresh yield – 125% DM Content – 12.2% Hobson Relative fresh yield – 102% DM Content – 13.7% Rampart Relative fresh yield – 106% DM Content – 12.7%

Sowing rates: Drill into stubble – 6kg/ha Drill after grass – 7kg/ha Broadcast – 8kg/ha Sow – May – Late August Feed Quality Crude protein – 19-20% Digestibility Value – 65% ME – 10-11 Mj/kg DM

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Fodder Beet

Why Grow Fodder Beet? • Huge palatable yields with high energy • Ideal replacement for cereals • Can be grazed or clamped and stored over winter

Robbos

A clean yellow root with high dry matter yields. Ideal for dairy and beef production.

Clean bright red roots, with the potential to produce excellent dry matter content, roots can be fed whole or chopped. Can be fed to dairy cattle, beef or sheep.

Blaze

Enermax

A dual purpose variety with smooth clean roots, making it ideal for forage or biogas production. High dry matter content and good disease resistance.

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Magnum

A consistent and reliable white root variety, with good resistance to rust. High yields and dry matter content of 19-20%.

Sowing rates: Precision Drilled – 2 kg/ha Direct Drilled – 4-5 kg/ha Broadcast – 8 kg/ha Sow – Late March – Late April

2018 Trial Results Average fresh yield = 80-100t/ha Average DM content = 15-24% Blaze Relative fresh yield – 106% DM Content – 18.8% Root in ground – 57.1% Robbos Relative fresh yield – 104% DM Content – 19.9% Root in ground – 60% Magnum Relative fresh yield – 100% DM Content – 20.7% Root in ground – 65.1% Enermax Relative fresh yield – 99% DM Content – 19% Root in ground – 67.3%

Feed Quality Crude protein – 16-17% Digestibility Value – 70-75% ME – 10-11 Mj/kg DM

Please call for availability and other variety options, this is just a selection of varieties! We have a wide range of varieties on offer.

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Basic Payment Scheme (BPS) – Greening Ecological Focus Areas (EFAs) on arable land:

Where arable land is more than 15 hectares, applicants must have an EFA. There are five different options to choose from which can be mixed and matched to make up to 5%, but they must feature on or next to arable land. Each option has different weightings (according to the perceived environmental benefit) and different management obligations.

What counts as an ecological focus area (EFA)? The following features and areas can count as EFAs:

• Buffer strips • Catch crops • Cover crops • Nitrogen-fixing crops • Fallow land • Hedges Catch and Cover Crop Options: Must contain two different crops – one cereal, one non cereal from the list: • Phacelia • Mustard • Lucerne • Oil radish Catch crops must be established by 20 st Aug 2018 and retained until 14 st October 2018. Cover crops must be established by 1 st Oct 2018 and retained until 15 th Jan 2019. Grass can be counted as either – but must have been under sown in the previous crop, and must be visible and provide enough ground cover by the start of the period. Other crops that are usually grazed i.e. Kale or stubble turnips, do not count as part of EFA. Wild bird seed mixes or pollen/nectar sources can be sown in the EFA Fallow period. EFA Cereal: • Rye • Barley • Oats Non Cereal: • Vetch

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2018 Updates There is now a complete ban on PPP on areas of EFA. This applies from time of sowing to harvesting and also includes seed dressings. Catch crops must be maintained for a minimum of 8 weeks.

Benefits:

Improve soil structure Better drainage Reduce compaction Improved fertiliser efficiency More organic matter Reduced leaching of nitrogen Improve soil health Retained moisture Increase soil biodiversity

Weed suppression Reduce disease pressure in following crop Reduced reliance on artificial inputs Nitrogen released for use by the following crops Increased worm activity Erosion reduction

Rye

Rye is one of the most effective crops at utilising surplus nitrogen left from the previous crop. Will provide early grazing in the spring for cows or can provide over wintering for sheep. It is a flexible option after maize or cereals. Sow Sept-October.

EFA

Vetch

Vetches come from the legume family, establishing quickly and continuingly growing and fixing nitrogen at low temperatures. They can be sown in the spring or autumn. Will add protein to ruminant’s diet.

EFA

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Oil Radish

Oil radishes grow quickly, with a widely branched root system, penetrating deeply into the soil profile. This attribute aids the radish’s ability to scavenge for nitrogen, preventing leaching, allowing nitrogen to be recycled into the following crop. With its quick growth habit it quickly produces a large leafy canopy, which can be incorporated back into the soil, enhancing soil structure and enriching soil humus.

EFA

Daikon Tillage Radish

This radish produces a long tap root, penetrating through many different soils types and profiles, improving drainage and air movement through the soil. This deep tap rooted radish captures and stores nutrients from deep within the soil which is released during the spring for the next crop.

Mustard

Sown after cereals, mustard can be grazed from October/November. Mustard is a very fast establishing leafy plant which provides rapid cover early in the season until the first frost.

EFA

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Sown between April and July, Lucerne can provide high protein forage, with up to 4 cuts a year possible. Can do well on sites with higher pH.

Lucerne

Phacelia

Phacelia is a very good green manure source. Phacelia establishes rapidly, preventing soil erosion during the autumn and winter months and is persistent throughout the winter due to winter hardy attributes.

EFA

Mixes Oat / Vetch & Rye / Vetch These mixes can come in either: 70/30, 80/20 or 90/10 ratios. Custom mixes are available; please call the seed department to discuss your individual requirements. These custom orders cannot be cancelled or returned due to the specialised nature of the order.

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COVER CROP BENEFITS BUILDING SOIL FERTILITY AND ORGANIC MATTER

• Improved fertiliser efficiency • Reduced reliance on artificial inputs • Slow fertility release throughout the growing season available for the subsequent crop • Increased worm activity which increases aeration and drainage through the soil profile • Soils with a high organic matter content are more friable

IMPROVING SOIL STRUCTURE

• Improved drainage through the profile reducing water logging • Reducing compaction will increase root biomass , increasing nutrient uptake

REDUCING SOIL EROSION

• Soil coverage throughout the winter will reduce water runoff as crops absorb physically available water and nutrients • Reduced soil erosion will increase water quality as nitrate and phosphate leech is reduced

WEED, DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT

• Specific cover crops will reduce disease build up over winter • Specific cover crops have allelopathic activity, suppressing problem weeds • Specific crops have bio fumigant properties which reduce nematode populations

REDUCING NUTRIENT LOSS

• Fibrous rooting throughout the profile traps nitrogen, potash and phosphate within the crop which is then utilised in the following crop once incorporated. • Cover crops will also reduce pesticide leeching reducing the negative impact on water and habitat quality.

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The varieties offered in this leaflet have been carefully selected to produce successful cropping over a wide range of soil types and growing situations. They represent a balanced mix of the very latest in crop genetics along with some well established mixes. If there is a particular variety that you would like to grow which is not listed, please do not hesitate in contacting us and we will be pleased to discusss this with you.

Seed Department Tel: 01243 755620 Email: seed@bartholomews.co.uk

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Head Office: Bartholomews Agri Food Ltd Portfield Chichester West Sussex PO19 7TT Tel. +44 (0) 1243 784 171 Fax. +44 (0) 1243 775 747 Email. agri@bartholomews.co.uk Website. www.bartholomews.co.uk Golden Cross: Bartholomews Agri Food Ltd Deanland Road Golden Cross Near Hailsham East Sussex BN27 3RP Tel. +44 (0) 1825 872 697 Fax. +44 (0) 1825 872 850

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