Antimicrobial synthetic polypeptide nanofibers for wound healing applications Claudia Paz Canales Sáez 1 , N. Osses 2 , L. Muñoz 3 , A. Heise 4 , S.D. Kimmins 1 1 Laboratorio de Química Orgánica Aplicada, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile, 2 Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile, 3 Laboratorio de Corrosión, Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile, 4 Department of Chemistry, University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ireland There is a pressing need to develop new antimicrobial agents and biomaterials that can combat increasing antibiotic resistance [1] . Numerous studies worldwide show that nearly 700,000 deaths per year are attributable to different types of infections caused by the advent of antibiotic-resistant microbial strains. UK government estimates have showed that by 2050 almost 10 million people per year will die from infections associated with bacterial resistance. While the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2019 predicted that, of 2.8 million cases per year of drug-resistant infections in the USA, 35,000 people would die due to antibiotic resistance. In the case of Latin American countries, antimicrobial resistance in Chile stands at 21% in contrast to the average antimicrobial resistance rate of 17% for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Natural antimicrobial host defense peptides (HDPs) appear as potential non-traditional antibiotics given their broad- spectrum antibacterial activity without inducing resistance [2] . This activity is based on physicochemical properties, which has led to the design of synthetic co-polymers, a promising method being the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCA), derived from α-amino acids [3] . This method allows obtaining biocompatible and biodegradable multiblock polymers with controlled block length and low polydispersity. Biomaterials formed from hydrophobic cationic cationic amino acid co-polypeptides have shown antimicrobial activity, simulating natural HDPs. Finally, the electrospinning technique, used to generate highly porous fibrous biomaterials (like the natural extracellular matrix). Here we report the synthesis of an antimicrobial nanofibrous biomaterial for potential use for wound healing applications via the incorporation of synthetic polypeptides withinthematerial. The characterization of both the monomers and the polymer was conducted by proton (1H) and carbon (13C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and by infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR) to check the reaction, in addition to using permeation chromatography (GPC) for the final characterization of the polymer. On the other hand, nanofibers and polymer were characterized using DSC, XRD, SEM, FT-IR and Young’s Modulus. References 1. Boehle, K. E., Gilliand, J., Wheeldon, C. R., Holder, A., Adkins, J. A., Geiss, B. J., Ryan, E. P., &; Henry, C. S. (2017). Utilizing Paper-Based Devices for Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Detection. Angewandte Chemie - International Edition , 56 (24), 6886–6890. 2. Ergene, C., Yasuhara, K., &; Palermo, E. F. (2018). Biomimetic antimicrobial polymers: Recent advances in molecular design. Polymer Chemistry , 9 (18), 2407–2427. 3. Kimmins, S.D, Hanay, S., Murphy, R., O’Dwyer, J., Ramalho, J., Ryan, E., Kerany, C., O’Brien, F, Cryan, S., Fitzgerald, D., Heise. A. (2021). Antimicrobial and degradable triazolinedione (TAD) crosslinked polypetide hydrogels. Journal of Materials Chemistry B 9(27), pp. 5456-5464.
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