Mechanobactericidal, gold nanostar hydrogel based bandage for bacterial infected skin wound healing Sunaina Kaul 1, 2 and Nitin Kumar Singhal 1,2* 1 National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, 140306, India, 2 Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh, 160014, India Multidrug resistance due to long term hospitalization and broadband antibiotic therapy has become a menace to be tackled by clinicians worldwide. Skin is the most susceptible organ for bacterial infection associated with surgeries, Diabetes, and burns. Recent studies have estimated skin conditions to be globally the fourth largest cause of disability. The mechano-bactericidal action as a substitute for antimicrobials has become the focus of intensive research. In this work, nanostructures conjugated hydrogel are explored as a flexible dressing against Staphylococcus aureus infected skin wounds. Herein, Gold nanostars (AuNst) with spike lengths reaching up to 120 nm are probed for antibacterial action. The bacterial killing of >95% is observed for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli , while around 60% for Gram-positive S. aureus. AuNst conjugated hydrogel (AuNst 120 @H) reduced >90% colonies of P. aeruginosa and E. coli . In comparison, reduction of around 35.4% colonies are obtained for S. aureus . An animal wound model is also developed to assess the efficiency of AuNst 120 @H. The findings suggest that novel dressing materials can be developed with antimicrobial nanotextured surfaces. References 1. Atta, M. Beetz, L. Fabris, Understanding the role of AgNO 3 concentration and seed morphology in the achievement of tunable shape control in gold nanostars, Nanoscale. 11 (2019) 2946-2958. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8nr07615d 2. A.J. Blanch, M. Döblinger, J. Rodríguez-Fernández, Simple and Rapid High-Yield Synthesis and Size Sorting of Multibranched Hollow Gold Nanoparticles with Highly Tunable NIR Plasmon Resonances, Small. 11 (2015) 4550-4559. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201500095. 3. Yasui, T. Yanagida, T. Shimada, K. Otsuka, M. Takeuchi, K. Nagashima, S. Rahong, T. Naito, D. Takeshita, A. Yonese, R. Magofuku, Z. Zhu, N. Kaji, M. Kanai, T. Kawai, Y. Baba, Engineering Nanowire-Mediated Cell Lysis for Microbial Cell Identification, ACS Nano. 13 (2019) 2262–2273. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b08959. 4. P., I. E.; P., L. D.; Marco, W.; A., B. V.; XiuMei, X.; Nandi, V.; Sergey, R.; Eric, H.; Jason, W.; Khanh, T. V.; Aaron, E.; Shane, M.; Saulius, J.; J., C. R. The Multi-Faceted Mechano-Bactericidal Mechanism of Nanostructured Surfaces. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2020, 117, 12598–12605. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1916680117. 5. Ivanova, E. P.; Hasan, J.; Webb, H. K.; Gervinskas, G.; Juodkazis, S.; Truong, V. K.; Wu, A. H. F.; Lamb, R. N.; Baulin, V. A.; Watson, G. S.; Watson, J. A.; Mainwaring, D. E.; Crawford, R. J. Bactericidal Activity of Black Silicon. Nat. Commun. 2013, 4, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3838.
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