Injectable PVA and κ-carrageenan antibacterial cryogel incorporating nanoapatites with hemostasis of splanchnic and arterial bleeding in improving wound healing Nikhil Kumar 1,2 , Pritha Bose, 2 Subodh Kumar, 2 Shivani Daksh, 1,2 Yogesh Verma, 2 Jai Deo Singh, *,1 Anupama Datta *,2 1 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi-110016, India 2 Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, DRDO, Brig. S K Mazumdar Marg, Delhi-110054, India In the management of wounds, controlling excessive bleeding right away and preventing infections are crucial. Moreover, a wet environment is advantageous for the healing of wounds. Cryogels are promising materials for rapid medication release and hemostasis. However, the quick release characteristics of cryogels have the drawback of exposing patients to high drug concentrations. In this study, hybrid hydrogels were developed for quick hemostasis and sustainable antibacterial properties by combining PVA and κ-carrageenan with whitlockite nanoapatite particles (WNAs) and ciprofloxacin. The prepared gel system revealed a three-dimensional microporous structure, excellent swelling, low cytotoxicity, and outstanding mechanical properties. The PCWD cryogel demonstrated extended drug release of over 21 days and superior antibacterial activity. Using a rat model, the in vivo hemostasis and wound-healing capabilities were assessed. The findings demonstrated that cryogel could achieve rapid hemostasis and hastened the process of wound healing. In conclusion, WNAs and ciprofloxacin loaded cryogels may be of great choice for strategic use in wound dressing applications as hemostasis and anti-infection materials. References 1. Muthiah Pillai, N. S.; Eswar, K.; Amirthalingam, S.; Mony, U.; Kerala Varma, P.; Jayakumar, R. Injectable Nano Whitlockite Incorporated Chitosan Hydrogel for Effective Hemostasis. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2019 , 2 (2), 865-873. DOI: 10.1021/ acsabm.8b00710. 2. Thattaruparambil Raveendran, N.; Mohandas, A.; Ramachandran Menon, R.; Somasekharan Menon, A.; Biswas, R.; Jayakumar, R. Ciprofloxacin- and Fluconazole-Containing Fibrin-Nanoparticle-Incorporated Chitosan Bandages for the Treatment of Polymicrobial Wound Infections. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2019 , 2 (1), 243-254. DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00585. 3. Rasool, A.; Ata, S.; Islam, A.; Khan, R. U. Fabrication of novel carrageenan based stimuli responsive injectable hydrogels for controlled release of cephradine. RSC Adv 2019 , 9 (22), 12282-12290. DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02130b
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