The World in Crisis

Overview of areas in crisis around the world.

THE WORLD IN CRISIS

IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

Made by: Dra. Maria Cecilia Carbon Attanasio .

THE WORLD NEEDS HELP…

• Armed conflicts, internal and external. • Environmental catastrophes. • Pandemics and epidemics. • Millions of displaced people.

Africa,America, Asia and Europe are affected.

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

AFRICA

1. Cameroon. 2. Central African Republic. 3. Chad. 4. Democratic Republic of the Congo. 5. Burkina Faso. 6. Ethiopia. 7. Libya. 8. Mozambique. 9. Nigeria. 10. Niger. 11. Republic of Mali. 12. Somalia. 13. Sudan.

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● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

LAGO CHAD: (Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Chad)

• Millions of people, over wide geographical expanses, are impacted by the expansion of Boko Haram and other terrorist groups and the accompanying violence. and infrastructure, economic devastation and family separations lead to trauma and widespread deterioration of mental health. • Destruction of natural resources • Epidemics, malnutrition and forced recruitment increase the suffering.

Image source: Medicins sans frontieres. Nigeria 2022 © George Osodi/MSF

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

• More than 3 million refugees from one of the poorest countries in Africa flee armed conflict, sexual violence, poverty and malnutrition. • The crisis is fueled by a power struggle among elites, an absence of state institutions and absence of public investment, including in health care. •Religious and ethnic tensions fuel disputes over key resources.

Image Source: ACNUR/Rocco Nuri. 2021. Solicitantes de asilo congoleños hacen cola para someterse a un control de seguridad y sanitario en Zombo,

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

ETHIOPIA

• Air strikes in the Tigray region are the latest sign of the deteriorating situation. • The country is in a state of emergency, media are silenced and denied access. Humanitarian aid has been blocked. •Conflict has fueled ethnic violence. Thousands have died. Refugee centers are destroyed. The largest refugee exodus in 20 years is occurring. •Public atrocities and executions are common. Sexual violence is committed by warring factions.

Image Source: El Ágora diario del agua. 09/02/2022. “Sequía y hambre acechan a 13 millones de personas en el Cuerno de África”

• The population suffers from inhumane living conditions. •The political crisis fuels crimes against humanity including torture and recruitment of child soldiers. There are mass killings by all actors in the conflict, both external and internal. Prisoners are held in clandestine prisons under terrible conditions. • Cities, refugee centers, schools, hospitals are attacked by aerial bombardments. LIBYA

BURKINA FASO

• This is a major hotspot of violence in the region. Hundreds of daily attacks including sexual violence are causing millions of people to be displaced from their homes. • Large proportions of the population have no access to food or drinking water. • Physical and psychological suffering affect millions.

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

REPUBLIC OF MALI

• Climate crisis, armed conflicts and resulting population displacement have resulted in a worsening humanitarian crisis, particularly in the border regions. • Human rights abuses by armed groups, including militias, community armed groups, national and international armed forces result in wide spread deaths.

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO

• Internal conflicts, epidemics and natural disasters have driven people from their homes and contributed to acute food insecurity. • Refugee camps are overcrowded and unsanitary. Refugees are subject to violence. Armed conflicts prevent the arrival of humanitarian aid.

Image source: Observador. RDCongo registou quase 900 mil deslocados internos entre janeiro e junho. 2022 .

IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

SOMALIA

• The climate crisis in the form of floods, drought, crop damage and locusts has resulted in the forced displacement of people from their homes as the search for food and water. The rate of child malnutrition has increased. • Armed conflicts and the COVID 19 pandemic have worsened the situation. People are in urgent need of humanitarian aid.

SUDAN

• The country is suffering the biggest crisis since its independence. A state of emergency has been declared. • Climate crisis in the form extreme weather events such as floods and droughts has resulted in a major food crisis. Conditions threaten to worsen in coming years. • Children are in urgent need of humanitarian aid. People fleeing violence crowd refugee camps.

Image source:The new arab. 2022. Somalia is being impacted by the worst drought in decades in the Horn of Africa [YASUYOSHI CHIBA/AFP/Getty-archive

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

MOZAMBIQUE

• Mozambique is suffering from a triple threat as armed conflicts have resurfaced in Cabo Delgado, Nampula and Niassa. • Civilians are attacked and their home destroyed. More than one million people have fled their homes due to violence. • The Covid pandemic and the climate crisis have worsened conditions.

• Fear and hunger are endemic.

ge source: BBC News. Villages across northern Mozambique have been destroyed in militant attacks. 2021.

NORTH & CENTRAL AMERICA 14. El Salvador. 15. Guatemala. 16. Haiti. 17. Honduras 18. Mexico

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● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

HAITI

• Poorest country in the Americas.

• Hundreds are dead and displaced. There is a resurgence of cholera and food insecurity.

• Unemployment and poverty abound.

• Urban conflicts and accompanying violence exacerbate the already dire conditions. • Haiti has requested humanitarian aid and the intervention of international forces.

MEXICO

• Mexico struggles to cope with thousands of refugees entering the country where they are often met with violent arrests, detentions and conflicts with the local population.

• Hundreds of deaths are registered daily at the U.S./Mexican border.

Image source: INFOBAE. La gente camina sobre una barricada en llamas durante una protesta contra el gobierno y el aumento de los precios del combustible, en Puerto Príncipe, Haití 3 de octubre de 2022 (REUTERS/Ralph Tedy Erol)

• Climate crisis further fuels social conflict.

EL SALVADOR, GUATEMALA Y HONDURAS

• These countries make up the northerm triangle of Central America. All are suffering deteriorating socio-economic conditions and political conflicts which drive a high rate of emigration. • Poverty and accompanying food insecurity further drive emigration. • Recurring tropical storms and droughts aggravate already precarious living conditions.

Image Source: El comercio de Colorado. Crisis humanitaria en Honduras. 07/09/2022.

S OUTH AMERICA

19. Colombia. 20. Venezuela .

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

VENEZUELA

• Abuse and Crimes against humanity are committed by authorities at the highest level of government, including extrajudicial executions and forced disappearances. • Protest are repressed and opponents of the government are imprisoned. Civilians are tried in military courts and detainees are tortured. • More than 40 million people have crossed into neighboring countries fleeing poverty, repression and the humanitarian emergency.

Image Source: NTN24. Crisis humanitaria venezolana. 2020 .

COLOMBIA

• A new armed conflict in Colombia forces more than 100,000 people to seek refuge. Hundreds of civilians are victims of landmines.

• Humanitarian aid is being defunded by the government.

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

ASIA

21. Afghanistan. 22. Israel. 23. Iraq. 24. Lebanon. 25. Myanmar. 26. Palestine. 27. Syria.

28. Jordan. 29. Yemen .

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

AFGANISTAN

• Massive unmet need for humanitarian assistance. • Human rights abuses against women and children who are subject to atrocities committed by the Taliban regime. • Climate crisis in the form of droughts and forest fires in 2022 further contribute to the social and economic crisis.

Image Source: “Civiles afganos esperan para subir a un avión durante el proceso de evacuación en el aeropuerto internacional Hamid Karzai de Kabul”. U.S. Marine Corps Via ZUMA Wir / DPA.

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

IRAQ

Humanitarian situation in Iraq continues to deteriorate. Millions of children are in need of humanitarian assistance. New attacks against Iraq put the lives of thousands of civilians at risk and threatens to create permanent refugees.

JORDAN

Jordan shelters hundreds of Syrians fleeing the conflict in Syria. Need for economic resources and humanitarian aid to deal with the influx of refugees and to provide adequate infrastructure for the country fuels internal conflicts. YEMEN As a consequence of conflict and the economic and climatic crisis, the population suffers from hunger, a lack of water and lack of medicines. A 6 month truce among warring parties has partially alleviated the suffering.

SYRIA

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

More than 90% of Syrians live in poverty. Poverty and violence have resulted in the largest refugee crisis in the world, with few able to return to their communities.

MYANMAR

The coup d’état of 2021 caused more than one million people to abandon their homes and taken refuge in neighboring countries. There is a major humanitarian, political and human rights crisis with escalating violence against civilians.

LEBANON

The country is embroiled in a multifaceted economic and financial crisis causing increased social tensions, poverty and food insecurity, The country shelters millions of Syrians despite scarce resources. The catastrophic explosion in Beirut contributed still further to the sense of social crisis.

Image source: NOTIMERICA. Niños en el campamento de Al Hol, en Siria, donde están recluidos los familiares de milicianos del Estado Islámico - CHRIS HUBY / ZUMA PRESS / CONTACTOPHOTO – Archivo. 2022

EUROPA

30. Ukraine 31.Poland 32.Spain 33.Italy 34.Hungary

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● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

UKRAINE • The war in Ukraine has been waging for months. The humanitarian consequences for the civilian population are devastating. • The UN calls for the borders of neighboring countries to remain open. More than 8 million Ukrainians have taken refuge in neighboring countries. Russia continues its attacks causing destruction throughout the territory. • Russian attacks on the power grid and infrastructure leave thousands without access to electricity, heating and clean drinking water. Daily life for those who have remained can be an unceasing struggle for basic necessities.

Ukrainian Territory Under Russian Occupation: December 2022

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

• The bombing continues and intensifies, causing death and injuries to civilians. • Thousands of people have lost their homes and the destruction of buildings will take years to restore. The violence by Russian troops is worsening and increasing the humanitarian crisis. • European governments are tirelessly seeking to help the people of Ukraine.

Image source: RTVA. Los bomberos trabajan en el lugar de un bloque de apartamentos destruido por un bombardeo en Vyshhorod, cerca de Kiev EFE/EPA/OLEG PETRASYUK. 24.11.2022

HUMANITARIAN CRISIS UKRAINE REFUGEES

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

POLAND

• Since February 2022, more than 3 million Ukrainian refugees have arrived in Poland as a result of the Russian war on Ukraine. Many have since returned home but millions remain in shelters. This is the fastest displacement of a population in history. • Many of the refugees are women and children as the men were recruited to fight. Civilians are facing extremely precarious living conditions.

Image source: VOA. Los refugiados esperan en una multitud para ser transportados después de huir de Ucrania y llegar al cruce fronterizo en Medyka, Polonia, el 7 de marzo de 2022 .

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

SPAIN

• More than 130 thousand Ukrainian refugees have arrived in Spain. Most of them are women and children. They do not speak the language and are fully dependent on the help offered by the Spanish government. • There are plans to create educational and employment opportunities for the refugees in an effort to help them establish some economic stability.

Image source: GRAN MADRID. Ciudadanos ucranianos cruzando la frontera de PoloniaEFE. O3.2022

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

ITALY

• Italy has taken in Ukrainian refugees, providing them with testing, vaccinations and language classes in the midst of the Covid pandemic. • Assistance centers providing food and shelter were created to aid Ukrainian refugees who travel for days to reach a safe place. • The Italian people have stood in solidarity with victims of Russia’s war.

Image source: TELAM DIGITAL.Foto: AFP. 13.03.2022

● IPA Committee on Psychoanalytic Assistance in Crises and Emergencies - PACE

HUNGARY

• More than 600,000 Ukrainian refugees have entered Hungary since the invasion in February. Despite conflicts and affinity with Russia, the border with Ukraine has remained open and measures are taken to provide adequate protection to refugees.

Image source: Budapest, 17 mar (Prensa Latina) El primer ministro húngaro, Viktor Orbán, advirtió hoy sobre el aumento en el país del flujo de refugiados procedentes de Ucrania y dijo que continuará la próxima semana.

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