12. Selecting and applying varied and precise vocabulary and other language resources Part II: Learning About How English Works A. Structuring Cohesive Texts 1. Understanding text structure and organization based on purpose text, type and discipline 2. Understanding cohesion and how language resources across a text contribute to the way a text unfolds and flows B. Expanding and Enriching Ideas 3. Using verbs and verb phrases to create precision and clarity in different text types 4. Using nouns and noun phrases to expand ideas and provide more details 5. Modifying to add details to provide more information and create precision C. Connecting and Condensing Ideas 6. Connecting ideas within sentences by combining clauses 7. Condensing ideas within sentences using a variety of language resources Part III: Using Foundational Literacy Skills This part was designed to support teachers in developing specialized instruction for students who might have the need to learn foundational literacy skills. English learners who enter our school system in the middle years and high school will benefit from specialized instruction using foundational skills, especially English learners with interrupted education. Because these set of standards are intended for grades K-5, they must be adapted to meet grade level curricular demands and pedagogical needs. Access to grade level standards and curriculum can be attained when using foundational skills for students in secondary settings. The framework presents Part III of the ELD standards separately to highlight for teachers the potential need to provide ELs with specialized instruction to support the development of foundational literacy skills. The design of this specialized instruction adapts the Reading Standards in Foundational Literacy Skills (K – 5) based on the age, cognitive level, and previous literacy or educational experiences of ELs. These standards need to be adapted, using appropriate instructional strategies and materials to meet the particular pedagogical and literacy needs of ELs at the secondary level, including the need to teach foundational literacy skills in an accelerated time frame. The CA CCSS Reading Standards for Foundational Skills and Part III of the CA ELD Standards (Using Foundational Literacy Skills) foster children’s understanding and working knowledge of print concepts , phonological awareness , phonics, and word recognition , and fluency.
53
Made with FlippingBook Digital Publishing Software