There are seven domains of deprivation, which combine to create the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD25):
The English indices of deprivation, 2025
INDEX OF MULTIPLE OF DEPRIVATION (IMD)
Supplementary Indices Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index & Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Index
Employment: 22.5% Measures the proportion of working age population involuntarily excluded from the labour market Income: 22.5% Measures the proportion of the population experiencing deprivation relating to low income
IMD measures the deprivation in 32,844 Lower-layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) in England. These areas have an average of 1,500 residents each. IMD analysis allows for the identification of levels of deprivation by ranking LSOAs from 1 (most deprived area) to 32,844 (least deprived area).
The indices relatively rank each small area in England from most deprived to least deprived.
Education: 13.5% Measures the lack of attainment and skills in the local population
1st most deprived area
33,755th least deprived area
Local Authority Districts (LADs) include lower-tier non- metropolitan districts, London boroughs, unitary authorities and metropolitan districts. At the time of publication, there were 296 Local Authority Districts in England. Local Employment Partnerships (LEPs) are split into 38 areas across England. LEPs do not exist in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland, though the Scottish government has supported several regional economic partnerships that are similar partnerships between local government, the
private sector, education and skills providers, and other local stakeholders. The Indices of Deprivation (IoD) and Indices of Multiple Deprivation IMD (2025) 5 are accredited official statistics published by the Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government (MHCLG). The IoD has been produced by MHCLG and its predecessor departments since 2000. The 2025 edition represents the seventh publication and is the most recent release.
There are 33,755 small areas (Lower-layer Super Output Areas) in England, with an average population of 1,500. In addition to the seven domain-level indices, there are two supplementary indices: the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index (IDACI) and the Income Deprivation Affecting Older People Index (IDAOPI).
Health: 13.5% Measures the risk of premature death and impairment
Crime: 9.3% Measures the risk of personal and material victimisation at local level
of life quality through poor physical or mental health
Barriers to Housing & Services: 9.3% Measures the physical and financial accessibility of housing and local services
Living Environment: 9.3% Measures the quality of both the ‘indoor’ and ‘outdoor’ local environment
5. Local Deprivation Explorer, 2025
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