Dual band gap grading strategies for high efficiency kesterite based thin film solar cells Jacob Andrade-Arvizu 1* , V. Izquierdo-Roca 1 ,Z. Jehl Li-Kao 2 , C. Malerba 3 , D. Sylla 1 , R. Fonoll-Rubio 1 , M. Guc 1 , M. Placidi 1,2 , M. Courel 4 , O. Vigil-Galán 5 , Y. Sánchez 1 , E. Saucedo 2 , and A. Pérez-Rodríguez 1,6 1 Institut de Recerca en Energia de Catalunya (IREC), Spain, 2 Photovoltaic Group, Spain, 3 Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, Italy, 4 Centro Universitario de los Valles (CUValles), México, 5 Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ESFM-IPN), Mexico, 6 Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN 2 UB), Spain Renewable energy supplies based on thin film solar cells and focused on sustainable materials such as kesterite (CZTS) could perform very successfully in a wide variety of energy application scenarios. This is due to its potential to be deposited on flexible substrates, its aesthetics and selective transparency for integrations in construction and automotive industrial sectors. As well as its use in new energy concepts such as agrovoltaics or energetic portability concepts like the Internet of Things (IoT). The current kesterite devices hinder the potential energy conversion efficiencies of a single absorber layer PN junction. Therefore, the next generation of kesterite and chalcopyrite solar cells power energy efficiency improvements may be enhanced after developing novel and more strategic methodologies for collecting photon energy. Thus, the graded bandgap profiling in kesterite is proposed as a sustainable strategy to improve the Solar spectrum utilization, through the generation of internal quasi-electric fields situated along the thin films, increasing the drift and diffusion length of the minority charge carriers and finally improving the power conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic device. Hence, this work develops advanced material synthesis techniques and surface characterization, which, when integrated with the structural complexity of double graded bandgap profiles in kesterite (CZTGSSe) thin films, allow Nature to reveal several disruptive and novel properties of matter, deliberately manipulable when working in conditions out-of- thermodynamic equilibrium. References 1. Illya Prigogine. Irreversibility and randomness. Astrophys. Space Sci. 65, 371–381 (1979) 2. I. Prigogine, I. Stengers.Order out of chaos: man’s new dialogue with nature. Boulder, CO, New Science Library (1984) 3. R Benzi,G Paladin,G ParisiandA Vulpiani. On the multifractal nature of fully developed turbulence and chaotic systems J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 17 3521 (1984) 4. Mehran Kardar, Giorgio Parisi, and Yi-Cheng Zhang. Dynamic Scaling of Growing InterfacesPhys. Rev. Lett. 56 , 889 (1986) 5. Jacob Andrade-Arvizu, Víctor Izquierdo-Roca, Ignacio Becerril-Romero, Pedro Vidal-Fuentes, Robert Fonoll-Rubio, Yudania Sánchez, Marcel Placidi, Lorenzo Calvo-Barrio, Osvaldo Vigil-Galán, and Edgardo Saucedo.Is It Possible To Develop Complex S–Se Graded Band Gap Profiles in Kesterite-Based Solar Cells? ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11(36), 32945-32956 (2019)
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